Volatile Oil from Acorus gramineus Ameliorates the Injury Neurons in the Hippocampus of Amyloid Beta 1‐42 Injected Mice

Abstract

In recent years, the extraction fraction of volatile oil from Acorus gramineus has significant effects on anti‐dementia and improving the learning and memory of animals. To date, limited studies have determined whether volatile oil from A. gramineus has the protective effect on neuronal damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of volatile oil from A. gramineus on Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice, by means of behavior test, immunohistochemistry and western blot methods. In this study, mice were injected with Aβ1‐42 in the bilateral hippocampus to establish the AD model. On the seventh day after modeling, the mice with cognitive dysfunction were selected by the novel object recognition task. Subsequently, the volatile oil treatment groups underwent intragastric administration for per 10 g body weight 2.5 or 5 μL volatile oil from A. gramineus for 3 weeks. The control group and the AD group were given the same amount of saline. Our results showed that after treatment of volatile oil from A. gramineus, the number of Doublecortin and Nestin positive cells increased significantly, suggesting that the volatile oil from A. gramineus may induce the regeneration of hippocampal neurons in mice, and promote the growth of hippocampal neurons by upregulation of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, tyrosine protein kinase B, and neurotrophin‐3 expression. These results might provide more experimental evidences for underlying mechanism about the neuroprotective effects of volatile oil from A. gramineus against AD relevant symptoms. Anat Rec, 302:2261–2270, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy

Chinese herbal medicine for mild cognitive impairment using mini-mental state examination

“…A search of these 8 drugs revealed that many experiments had elucidated these drugs’ mechanism of action. Some studies have shown that the calamus can effectively prevent stress-induced cognitive dysfunction and anxiety behavior, [65] the volatile oil of the calamus may induce hippocampal neuron regeneration in mice and promote hippocampal growth [66] its extract has anticholinesterase activity [67] can also be able to alleviate AB transgenesis. Cognitive deterioration in Drosophila [68] .…”

Therapeutic Potential of Active Components from Acorus gramineus and Acorus tatarinowii in Neurological Disorders and Their Application in Korean Medicine

“…The extracts of AT and its major constituents, namely, α-asarone and β-asarone, have been shown to promote the proliferation of neural progenitor cells with activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in hippocampus-derived progenitor cells [ 33 ] and potentiate neuronal differentiation via nerve growth factor (NGF) in PC12 cells [ 34 ]. The volatile oil fractions from AG, which contain α-asarone and β-asarone, stimulate neurotrophic factor secretion, namely, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), NGF, and glial-derived neurotrophic factor, via the PKA signaling pathway [ 35 ].…”

Astragalin Ameliorates Cognitive Dysfunction Through Inhibiting PI3K/Akt-MTOR-Mediated Autophagic Flow in Hippocampal Neurons of APP/PS1 Mice

“…AST exists in most Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of AD Firstly, we used the TCMSP database and set the screening condition to the drug-like property (DL) ≥ 0.18, which yielded that among the Chinese herbal medicines used in the treatment of AD, Acori tataninowii Rhizoma [25], Eucommiae Cortex [26], Paeoniae Radix Alba [27], Carthami Flos [28], Forsythiae Fructus [29], Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix [30], Granati Pericarpium [31], and Epimrdii Herba [32] contained AST (Table 1). Learning and cognitive dysfunction in the APP/PS1 mice Firstly, we evaluated the cognitive de cits related to AD by using the SDA test and MWM test, and then selected APP/PS1 mice needed for this experiment (Fig.…”