Volatile constituents of Phlomis olivieri Benth. from Iran

Abstract

The essential oil, isolated by steam distillation from the aerial parts of Phlomis olivieri Benth. growing wild in Iran, was analysed by GC-MS. Among 15 identified compounds, the major components were germacrene D (28.1%), β-caryophyllene (16.1%), α-pinene (11.7%) and β-selinene (10.2%).

The essential oil composition of Phlomis cretica C. Presl

“…8,9 The essential oil of P. fruticosa of Greek origin was characterized by the abundance of the sesquiterpenes germacrene D (17.8%), γ-bisabolene (12.6%) and (E)-caryophyllene (8.7%), 10 whereas in the essential oil of the endemic P. lanata growing in Crete (Greece) α-pinene (25.41%) was the dominant component followed by limonene (15.67%) and (E)-caryophyllene (8.76%).…”

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Phlomis ferruginea Ten. (Lamiaceae) growing wild in Southern Italy

“…It is noteworthy that in the present oil the content of α-pinene is lower than in other oils investigated. 13,15,18,20,21 In addition, fatty acids (19.0%), mainly represented by hexadecanoic acid (12.8%) and (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (4.0%), were determined in the oil. Values are the diameter of inhibitory zone (mm), at indicated concentrations (mg/ml).…”

“…The oil of P. samia 21 is characterized by a high amount of (E)-β-farnesene (20.7%) and by the presence of spathulenol (3.7%) and caryophyllene oxide (3.2%). Also among the oils obtained from plants growing in Iran [15][16][17][18][19] germacrene D is the main component, ranging between 6.7% in P. herba venti 16 and 65.0% in P. anisodonta; 18 the high content of hexadecanoic acid (33.1%) and hexahydrofarnesylacetone (16.2%) in the oil of P. herba venti is noteworthy. The other compound present in high concentration in the Iranian oils is β-caryophyllene, whose content is 6.7% in P. brugueri 19 and 25.0% in P. chorassanica.…”

“…The compositions of the essential oils of many Phlomis species have been reported [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and the antimicrobial activity of essential oil of P. lanata, P. fruticosa, P. samia and P. cretica has been also studied. 20,21 Studies carried out on the essential oils extracted from different Phlomis species collected in Greece, 13,20,21 Montenegro 14 and Iran [15][16][17][18][19] showed that the main components of the oils are germacrene D, β-caryophyllene and α-pinene. Among the oils extracted from Greek species, the oil of P. fruticosa, achieved from plants growing in Kythnos Island (Aegean area) 13 and in the Peloponnesus or in the island of Crete, 21 yielded as their main components germacrene D (17.8-21.4%), α-pinene (8.9-12.6%) and β-caryophyllene (8.7-12.0%).…”

In vitro antifungal activity of some traditional Persian medicinal plants on pathogenic fungi

“…This component is typically responsible for antimicrobial and antifungal properties of some plant species. (15) Aliphalic compounds (9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid methyl ester), fatty acids (hexadecanoic acid), fl avonoids, iridoids and phenylethyl alcohol constitute and other components (trans-phytol, 9,12,15-octadecatrien-1-ol) have also been isolated from other Phlomis species as the active components. (16) Although these compounds could be related to the antifungal activity of P. olivieri, more phytochemical studies are needed to confi rm it.…”