Volatile Constituents and Antibacterial Screening of the Essential Oil of Chenopodium Ambrosioides L. Growing in Nigeria

Abstract

The essential oil of the aerial parts of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. has been isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed using GC-MS. The major components were found to be α-terpinene (63.1%), p-cymene (26.4%) and ascaridole (3.9%). The oil displayed no antibacterial activity against either Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus cereus or Staphylococcus aureus, or the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli (MIC = 1250 µg/mL). A cluster analysis of C. ambrosioides essential oils reveals at least seven distinct chemotypes: ascaridole, α-terpinene, α-pinene, p-cymene, carvacrol, α-terpinyl acetate, and limonene.

HPLC Determination of the Major Active Flavonoids and GC–MS Analysis of Volatile Components of Dysphania graveolens (Amaranthaceae)

“…The results were based on the TLC analysis of a sample regarded as ‘oil of epazote’, which could have been obtained from D. ambrosioides rather than from D. graveolens as the authors stated. The composition of D. ambrosioides found in the present work showed similarities, albeit partial, with those reported for the plant material growing in Cuba, Spain, Togo, India, Nigeria, Brazil and China, all containing ascaridol (Owolabi et al ., ; Chu et al ., ; Monzote et al ., ). So far, only two reports have failed to describe the presence of the latter monoterpenoid in D. ambrosioides , one dealt with a sample collected in Veracruz, Mexico, which was rich in trans ‐pinocarveol.…”

Chemical Composition, Antibacterial, Schistosomicidal, and Cytotoxic Activities of the Essential Oil of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants (Chenopodiaceae)

“…Here, we detected cis ‐piperitone oxide, α ‐terpinene, p ‐cymene, and trans ‐isoascaridole as the major constituents of DA‐EO. The monoterpenes p ‐cymene and α ‐terpinene have also been reported as the major constituents of DA‐EO collected in China and Nigeria, respectively. Herein, the content of cis ‐ascaridole (0.1%) and trans ‐ascaridole (0.4%) in DA‐EO were considerably lower than the contents reported for other specimens collected in the Brazilian Northeast (17.1%) and Southeast (61.4%) .…”

“…Many studies have assessed the antifungal activity of DA‐EO, but only a few papers have reported its antibacterial action . Owolabi et al .…”

“…Many studies have assessed the antifungal activity of DA‐EO, but only a few papers have reported its antibacterial action . Owolabi et al . have described the efficacy of DA‐EO against Gram ‐positive bacteria, such as Escherichia coli , to show minimum inhibitory concentration ( MIC ) of 1250 μg/ml but no effectiveness against Gram ‐negative bacteria, like Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus .…”

“…Literature papers have reported on the insecticidal, antifungal, antiviral, anthelmintic, antileishmanial, antiaflatoxigenic, and antioxidant actions of DA‐EO . Despite the use of DA‐EO as an antibacterial agent, studies on its antibacterial activity are still rare, and its schistosomicidal effects in vitro have not been reported yet.…”