Volatile compound analysis of the leaves and seeds of Piper guineense using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

Abstract

The volatile compounds in the leaves and seeds of Piper guineense plant from South East Nigeria, were investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The analysis was carried out to identify the compounds responsible for the characteristic flavor of the flavouring spices. A total of thirty-three volatile constituents were identified in the leaves and seeds of Piper guineense using GC-MS. The major compounds identified include acids, esters, alcohols, hydrocarbons and others. Acids were found to be the predominant constituent group followed by esters. The leaves and seeds of Piper guineense had acids in the values of 65.56 and 53.72%, respectively. The esters were also found to be more in the leaves (25.63%) than in the seeds (5.22%) of P. guineense. The hydrocarbons identified appeared more in the seeds (11.47%) of P. guineense. The monoterpene (beta-myrcene) and sesquiterpenes (aromadendrene, trans-alpha-bergamotene, copaene) hydrocarbons identified were also present in the seeds than in the leaves of the P. guineense. Gamma-elemene, a sesquiterpene were identified in both the leaves and seeds of P. guineense at the same retention time of 10.242 min but at different concentrations of 0.41 and 0.72%, respectively.

Perforation index assessment of cowpea seeds against cowpea bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) [Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae], infestation using Piper guineense

“…Insecticidal activity of plant materials depends on the abundance of active compounds of the plant material. The major bioactive constituents isolated from the methanol leaves and seeds extracts of P. guineense were similar to those reported in P. guineense obtained from Cameroun, South Eastern and South Western Nigeria (Oben, McConchi, Phan-Thien and Ntonifor, 2015;Ojinnaka, Ubbor, Okudu and Uga, 2016;Owolabi, Lawal, Ogunwande, Hauser and Setzer, 2013;Oyedeji, Adeniyi, Ajayi and König, 2005;Tchoumgougnang et al, 2009); however, there was a slightly difference in the concentrations of the major bioactive constituents found. The observed compositional variability in the bioactive chemical composition might be due to several factors such as environmental and climatic, soil fertility variations, genetic makeup of the plant, phenological state of the plant, different chemotypes and solvents used for extraction (Isman and Machial, 2006;Perry et al, 1999).…”

Breynia cernua: Chemical Profiling of Volatile Compounds in the Stem Extract and Its Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antiplasmodial and Anticancer Activity In Vitro and In Silico

“…Cyclohexene, 1-nonyl- was identified as a volatile compound in Piper guineense leaves and seeds, and this spice exerts medicinal functions such as for the treatment of rheumatism, bronchitis, cough, and intestinal disease. Moreover, the leaf extract exhibited antimicrobial properties [ 70 ]. Cyclotrisiloxane, hexamethyl-, mainly contained in the acetone extract of Turbinaria decurrens , exhibited antioxidant and antidiabetic activity [ 71 ].…”

The Mineral, Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Evaluations of <em>Myristica fragrans</em> Seeds Extracts

“…Alcohols (4-isopropenyl-1-methyl cyclohexanol, 2-cyclohexen-1-ol and 2,6-dimethyl-5,7otadien-5, 7-octadien 2-ol) act as antifungal agents and prevent food spoilage [21].…”