Volatile carbonylic compounds in downtown Santiago, Chile

Rubio, Marı́a A.; Zamorano, Natalia; Lissi, E. A.; Rojas, Alicia; Gutiérrez, Luis; Baer, Dietrich von

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.06.022

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Averaged on a daily basis, ∼34% of the measured HCHO is due to direct emissions while photochemical and background HCHO account for ∼28 and ∼38%, respectively. The value of the direct emitted fraction is very similar to the 32±16% previously reported by Rubio et al (2006) while the sum of Y. F. Elshorbany et al: Oxidation capacity of Santiago the photochemical and background fractions is similar to the secondary fraction reported during the summer in Santiago, 79±23% (Rubio et al, 2006) and London, 74% (Harrison et al, 2006). Since only 28% of the HCHO is photochemically formed as a result of hydrocarbon oxidation, HCHO was considered as a net source of HO 2 (P HO 2 (prim)) in the present study.…”

Section: Formaldehyde (Hcho) Contributionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Oxidation capacity of the city air of Santiago, Chile

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The oxidation capacity of the highly polluted urban area of Santiago, Chile has been evaluated during a summer measurement campaign carried out from 8-20 March 2005. The hydroxyl (OH) radical budget was evaluated employing a simple quasi-photostationary-state model (PSS) constrained with simultaneous measurements of HONO, HCHO, O 3 , NO, NO 2 , j (O 1 D), j (NO 2 ), 13 alkenes and meteorological parameters. In addition, a zero dimensional photochemical box model based on the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCMv3.1) has been used to estimate production rates and total free radical budgets, including OH, HO 2 and RO 2 . Besides the above parameters, the MCM model has been constrained by the measured CO and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including alkanes and aromatics. Both models simulate the same OH concentration during daytime indicating that the primary OH sources and sinks included in the simple PSS model predominate. Mixing ratios of the main OH radical precursors were found to be in the range 0.8-7 ppbv (HONO), 0.9-11 ppbv (HCHO) and 0-125 ppbv (O 3 ). The alkenes average mixing ratio was ∼58 ppbC accounting for ∼12% of the total identified non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs). During the daytime (08:00 h-19:00 h), HONO photolysis was shown to be the most important primary OH radical source comprising alone ∼55% of the total initial production rate, followed by alkene ozonolysis (∼24%) andCorrespondence to: J. Kleffmann (kleffman@uni-wuppertal.de) photolysis of HCHO (∼16%) and O 3 (∼5%). The calculated average and maximum daytime OH production rates from HONO photolysis was 1.7 ppbv h −1 and 3.1 ppbv h −1 , respectively. Based on the experimental results a strong photochemical daytime source of HONO is proposed. A detailed analysis of the sources of OH radical precursors has also been carried out.

show abstract

Section: Formaldehyde (Hcho) Contributionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Oxidation capacity of the city air of Santiago, Chile

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The overall mean concentrations of total carbonyls at Nan-Chie (55.60 μg/m 3 ) were approximately 22.8% lower than at Hsiung-Kong (68.25 μg/m 3 ), consistent with the fact that the mean traffic volume (including motorcycles, gasoline cars, and diesel trucks) at Hsiung-Kong (11,067 vehicles per day) is about 60% higher than that at Nan-Chie (6,611 vehicles per day) (Lai et al, 2005). Table 3 presents the ratios of formaldehyde/ acetaldehyde (C 1 /C 2 ) and acetaldehyde/propionaldehyde (C 2 /C 3 ) thus obtained in this study and those obtained in other (Zhang et al, 1994;Possanzini et al, 1996;Slemr and Junkermann, 1996;Andreini et al, 2000;Grosjean et al, 2002;Ho et al, 2002b;Bakeas et al, 2003;Villanueva-Fierro et al, 2004;Moussa et al, 2006;Rubio et al, 2006;Pal et al, 2008). C 1 /C 2 ratios usually vary from one to two in an urban area to about ten in a rural area (Shepson et al, 1991;Possanzini et al, 1996).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Carbonyl Compounds In Summer and Wintermentioning

confidence: 95%

Seasonal Variation and Source Apportionment of Atmospheric Carbonyl Compounds in Urban Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Wang

Huang

Chen

et al. 2010

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The concentrations of 18 atmospheric carbonyls species were measured at Nan-Chie and Hsiung-Kong sites in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, during the summer and winter of 2006. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were the most abundant carbonyls with respective annual mean concentrations of 17.99 μg/m 3 and 13.69 μg/m 3 at Nan-Chie, and 21.47 μg/m 3 and 16.68 μg/m 3 at Hsiung-Kong; altogether the two species accounted for approximately 56-57% of total carbonyls. In summer, the total concentrations of carbonyls were 74.06 μg/m 3 and 89.99 μg/m 3 at Nan-Chie and Hsiung-Kong, respectively. In winter, the concentrations were 37.14 μg/m 3 and 46.50 μg/m 3 at Nan-Chie and Hsiung-Kong, respectively. Measured results indicated the predominance of photolysis and photooxidation reactions of aldehydes in summer. In this study, receptor models using principal component analysis (PCA) and absolute principal component scores (APCS) suggest that the primary pollution sources at Nan-Chie in the summer were secondary emissions/vehicle exhausts (gasoline engines)/stationary emissions (food industry), stationary emissions (petrochemical)/waste treatment and restaurant emissions; the primary pollution sources at Nan-Chie in winter were vehicle exhausts (gasoline engines)/stationary emissions (petrochemical) and restaurant emissions. At Hsiung-Kong, the primary pollution sources in summer were secondary emissions/vehicle exhausts (gasoline engines and diesel engines)/stationary emissions (metal assembly), restaurant emissions and others; the primary pollution sources in winter were vehicle exhausts (gasoline engines)/restaurant emissions and vehicle exhausts (diesel engines)/stationary emissions (metal assembly).

show abstract

“…A ldehydes, as products of the lipid peroxidation reactions and various atmospheric processes, are often detected in biological and environmental matrices [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Derivatization of aldehydes is typically employed before the analysis to improve chromatographic separation and detection limits [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Derivatization of aldehydes is typically employed before the analysis to improve chromatographic separation and detection limits [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection limits of electron and electron capture negative ionization-mass spectrometry for aldehydes derivatized with o-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)-hydroxylamine hydrochloride

Beránek

Muggli

Kubátová

2010

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In contrast to common expectations, the differences in limits of detection (LODs) between electron capture negative ionization (ECNI) and electron ionization (EI) mass spectrometry (MS) were found to be insignificant for a wide range of aldehydes derivatized with o- (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)-hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Comparison of the two ionization methods based on LOD confidence intervals revealed that a traditional presentation of the LOD or limit of quantitation (LOQ) as a single value may over/underestimate the significance of obtained results. LODs were between 20 and 150 pg injected for the majority of tested derivatized carbonyls using both ionization methods. ECNI-MS improved LODs by ϳ10-to 20-fold only for two derivatized aldehydes, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural. Selectivity of ECNI did not appear to be beneficial when analyzing a wood smoke particulate matter (WS-PM) extract, possibly because the majority of interferences were removed during sample preparation (i.e., liquid-liquid extraction). The impact of four different data acquisition modes of transmission quadrupole (TQ)-MS on LODs and their precisions was also investigated. As expected, LODs in the selected ion monitoring (SIM) were ϳtwo to four times lower than those obtained using total ion current (TIC) mode. More importantly, TQ-MS in the selected ion-total ion (SITI) mode (i.e., acquiring SIM and TIC data in a single analysis) provided signal-to-noise ratios and precisions, which were comparable to SIM alone. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2010, 21, 592-602)

show abstract

Volatile carbonylic compounds in downtown Santiago, Chile

Cited by 33 publications

References 19 publications

Oxidation capacity of the city air of Santiago, Chile

Oxidation capacity of the city air of Santiago, Chile

Seasonal Variation and Source Apportionment of Atmospheric Carbonyl Compounds in Urban Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Detection limits of electron and electron capture negative ionization-mass spectrometry for aldehydes derivatized with o-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)-hydroxylamine hydrochloride

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About