Void Swelling in Metals and Alloys Under Irradiation: An Assessment of the Theory

Influence of interface sink strength on the reduction of radiation-induced defect concentrations and fluxes in materials with large interface area per unit volume

“…"Radiation damage of materials," however, does not refer to a single problem. Rather, it is an umbrella term for a host of degradation modes, such as swelling [2], hardening [3,4], and embrittlement [5]. Further, mitigating one mode may exacerbate another.…”

Formation, migration, and clustering of delocalized vacancies and interstitials at a solid-state semicoherent interface

“…Formation of vacancies, interstitials, and clusters thereof is the primary form of radiation damage in polycrystals 2 . Their subsequent agglomeration and interaction with dislocations is responsible for multiple phenomena, such as dislocation creep 3 , void swelling 4 , and radiation-induced growth 5 .…”

Atomic-scale design of radiation-tolerant nanocomposites

“…It is well understood, however, that the root cause of radiation damage are individual and clustered vacancies and self-interstitials produced during collisions between energetic particles and target atoms [12]. The subsequent diffusion and clustering of these defects, along with the associated transport of impurities, lead to accelerated creep [1], volumetric swelling [3], segregation of alloying elements [13], and embrittlement [14]. Furthermore, the forced atomic mixing taking place in the displacement cascades themselves can lead to disordering of chemically ordered phases and to dissolution of precipitates [15].…”

“…All of the factors limiting their lifetime and performance at high temperatures and in corrosive media, such as creep and stress corrosion cracking, are exacerbated by irradiation [1,2]. These materials are additionally subject to degradation by mechanisms distinctive to radiation environments, like volumetric swelling and anisotropic growth [3,4].…”