Vocational Skills Interventions for Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review of the Literature

Seaman, Rachel L.; Cannella-Malone, Helen I.

doi:10.1007/s10882-016-9479-z

Cited by 84 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A review of the literature on 21 vocational interventions for adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) found that about half of the interventions had a focus on jobs tasks, with few related to job retention, employer knowledge, or workplace environment. In addition, many of the interventions were confined to certain contexts and with limited generalizability across settings [72]. Supported employment can be instrumental in helping individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder gain entry to the workforce and maintain their position [67,[73][74][75][76][77].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prioritizing barriers and solutions to improve employment for persons with developmental disabilities

Khayatzadeh‐Mahani

Wittevrongel

Nicholas

et al. 2019

Disability and Rehabilitation

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Purpose: Persons with a developmental disability have the lowest rate of labour force participation relative to other disabilities. The widening gap between the labour force participation of persons with versus without disability has been an enduring concern for many governments across the globe, which has led to policy initiatives such as labour market activation programs, welfare reforms, and equality laws. Despite these policies, persistently poor labour force participation rates for persons with developmental disabilities suggest that this population experiences pervasive barriers to participating in the labour force. Materials and methods: In this study, a two-phase qualitative research design was used to systematically identify, explore and prioritize barriers to employment for persons with developmental disabilities, potential policy solutions and criteria for evaluating future policy initiatives. Incorporating diverse stakeholder perspectives, a Nominal Group Technique and a modified Delphi technique were used to collect and analyze data. Results: Findings indicate that barriers to employment for persons with developmental disabilities are multi-factorial and policy solutions to address these barriers require stakeholder engagement and collaboration from multiple sectors. Conclusions: Individual, environmental and societal factors all impact employment outcomes for persons with developmental disabilities. Policy and decision makers need to address barriers to employment for persons with developmental disabilities more holistically by designing policies considering employers and the workplace, persons with developmental disabilities and the broader society. Findings call for crosssectoral collaboration using a Whole of Government approach. ä IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Persons with a developmental disability face lower levels of labour force participation than any other disability group. Individual, environmental and societal factors all impact employment outcomes for persons with developmental disabilities. Decision and policy makers need to address barriers to employment for persons with developmental disabilities holistically through policies guiding employers and broader societal behaviour in addition to those aimed at the individuals (such as skill development or training). Due to multi-factorial nature of barriers to employment for persons with developmental disabilities, policy solutions are wide-ranging and fall under the responsibility of multiple sectors for implementation. This calls for cross-sectoral collaboration using a "Whole of Government" approach, with shared goals and integrated responses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prioritizing barriers and solutions to improve employment for persons with developmental disabilities

Khayatzadeh‐Mahani

Wittevrongel

Nicholas

et al. 2019

Disability and Rehabilitation

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“…Our preliminary clinical work further suggests that stimulus prompts (e.g., text prompts) may help promote generalization of the skills from the training location to the job site. Practitioners also should consult reviews of research on interventions for individuals with ASD when designing programs to target job-related social skills (e.g., Camargo et al, 2014;Palmen et al, 2012;Seaman & Cannella-Malone, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Clinic-Based Assessment for Evaluating Job-Related Social Skills in Adolescents and Adults with Autism

Lerman

Grob

Laudont

2017

Behav Analysis Practice

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Many individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulties obtaining and maintaining employment, yet little research has evaluated methods for assessing and improving critical vocational skills. In this study, we evaluated an assessment of job-related social skills for individuals with ASD by arranging conditions that simulated on-the-job experiences in a clinic setting. The experimenter contrived situations to assess a variety of social skills, including asking for help, asking for more materials, and responding to corrective feedback. A total of eight individuals, aged 16 to 32 years, participated. Results suggested that the assessment was useful for identifying specific social skills that could be targeted for intervention to increase success in the work environment. These findings add to the current literature by demonstrating an objective method for assessing a variety of job-related social skills under controlled, naturalistic conditions.

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“…A adoção de políticas públicas voltadas para facilitar o ingresso de autistas no mercado de trabalho é uma tendência global, em função do elevado percentual de indivíduos com TEA excluídos em diferentes países (SEAMAN;CANNELLA-MALONE, 2016;SMITH et al, 2015;BUESCHER et al, 2014;CIMERA, 2014;ROUX et al, 2013;BURKE et al, 2010;HENDRICKS;WEHMAN, 2009).…”

Section: Políticas Públicas Para a Inclusão De Autistas No Mercado Deunclassified

“…No caso das pessoas com autismo a oferta de vagas é composta em boa parte dos casos de empregos sub-remunerados, com menor carga horária e sem possibilidade de crescimento. A baixa remuneração consiste na utilização de pagamento com valor inferior ao que é oferecido no mercado, ou que não supre as necessidades e aspirações do indivíduo, e tem sido reportada em relação aos trabalhadores com TEA (SEAMAN;CANNELLA-MALONE, 2016;ROUX et al, 2013;BURGESS, 2011). Este é um obstáculo significativo à inclusão efetiva, pois reduz a atratividade do trabalho, piora as condições de vida e a motivação dos trabalhadores (SEAMAN; CANNELLA-MALONE, 2016; SILVA, 2013).…”

Section: Quadro 2 -Obstáculos à Inclusão De Autistas No Mercado De Trunclassified

O Processo De Inclusão De Autistas No Mercado De Trabalho

Leopoldino

Coelho

2018

E&G

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Indivíduos com autismo enfrentam barreiras para atuar no mercado de trabalho brasileiro em função de restrições inerentes ao autismo, como limitações na comunicação, e devido a questões estruturais. A despeito de sua representatividade na população, poucas pesquisas abordam a sua inclusão no mercado de trabalho. Diante disso, este estudo objetiva apresentar o panorama do processo inclusivo de autistas no mercado de trabalho. A partir de revisão da literatura, o presente ensaio teórico aborda as políticas públicas e o processo de inclusão de pessoas dentro do Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA), além das dificuldades e oportunidades decorrentes deste processo. Os resultados sugerem que os dispositivos legais não foram acompanhados de estruturas para a implantação do processo inclusivo, e deveriam estimular a preparação de autistas para a atuação profissional e sua contratação. Os entraves para inclusão resultam do preconceito dos empregadores e da falta de preparo vocacional das pessoas com autismo, além da ineficácia das cotas para deficientes e ausência de incentivos. Esses obstáculos podem ser amenizados com a exploração das potencialidades das pessoas com TEA, como a facilidade em executar funções repetitivas e memorizar detalhes. A inclusão de autistas também pode ser uma boa oportunidade para empregadores e para o Estado.

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Vocational Skills Interventions for Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review of the Literature

Cited by 84 publications

References 33 publications

Prioritizing barriers and solutions to improve employment for persons with developmental disabilities

Prioritizing barriers and solutions to improve employment for persons with developmental disabilities

A Clinic-Based Assessment for Evaluating Job-Related Social Skills in Adolescents and Adults with Autism

O Processo De Inclusão De Autistas No Mercado De Trabalho

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