Vocational rehabilitation for mental health service users with chronic mental illness in low-income to upper-middle-income countries: a scoping review protocol

Chimara, Munyaradzi; Niekerk, Lana van; Biljon, Hester M van

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047781

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This scoping review followed a protocol 8 20 The PRISMA-ScR checklist used is attached in online supplemental file 1. Two adjustments were done to the methodology, thus creating minor discrepancies between this study and its protocol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These facilities include clinics, hospitals or rehabilitation centres, day-care centres, half-way houses or home, sheltered employment facilities, correctional facilities and forensic mental healthcare settings. 8 In this study, VR is defined as evidence-based approach that is provided in different settings, services and activities to working age individuals with mental health-related impairments, limitations or restrictions with work, and whose primary aim is to optimise work participation. 11 The context (C) was L-UMIC as defined by World Bank income grouping.…”

Section: Eligibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 Occupational therapists are health and social care professionals who use occupations or activities to restore or maintain function in the areas of work, self-care and leisure for people with physical and/or psychosocial dysfunctions. 8 Occupational therapists play an important role in VR of MHSUs with chronic mental illness who are either employed, unemployed or on sick leave. 9 Through VR, occupational therapists help MHSUs to gain work, return to work or maintain an existing worker role.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 The review findings will inform the second phase of the primary author's doctoral study, which will focus on engaging with stakeholders to explore factors that should be considered by occupational therapists for their VR with MHSU's in Namibia. 8…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scoping review exploring vocational rehabilitation interventions for mental health service users with chronic mental illness in low-income to upper-middle-income countries

2022

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ObjectiveTo synthesise research published on vocational rehabilitation (VR) interventions offered in institutions, by occupational therapists, to mental health service users (MHSUs) with chronic mental illness, in low-income to upper-middle-income countries (L-UMIC).DesignThis scoping review used Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews extension for Scoping Reviews and Joanna Briggs scoping review guidelines.Data sourcesWe searched PsycInfo, EBSCOhost, HINARI, Google Scholar, Medline, CINAHL, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Science Direct and Wiley online library between 15 July and 31 August 2021.Eligibility criteriaSources, published in English between 2011 and 2021, on institution-based VR in occupational therapy for MHSUs who had chronic mental illness in L-UMIC were included. We included primary studies of any design.Data extraction and synthesisThree reviewers used Mendeley to manage identified references, Rayyan for abstract and full-text screening and Microsoft Excel for data extraction. Data were sifted and sorted by key categories and themes.Results895 sources were identified, and their title and abstracts reviewed. 207 sources were included for full-text screening. 12 articles from 4 countries (South Africa, India, Brazil and Kenya) were finally included. Types of VR intervention included supported employment, case management and prevocational skills training. Client centeredness, support and empowerment were the key VR principles identified. Teaching of illness self-management, job analysis and matching, job coaching, trial placement, and vocational guidance and counselling were the main intervention strategies reported.ConclusionsVR intervention in institutions for MHSUs in L-UMIC revealed the multidimensional uniqueness of individual MHSU’s vocational ability, needs and contexts. The interventions allowed client-centred approaches that offer support and empowerment beyond the boundaries of the institutions. Occupational therapists offering VR need to expand their interventions beyond their institutions to contexts where MHSUs are working or intending to work.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Eligibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scoping review exploring vocational rehabilitation interventions for mental health service users with chronic mental illness in low-income to upper-middle-income countries

2022

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“…High income countries (HIC) have successfully utilized vocational rehabilitation and other comparable employment programs to target poverty and unemployment among those suffering from disability ( Chimara et al, 2021 ; Marshall et al, 2014 ). Vocational rehabilitation often focuses on decreasing barriers to employment for those with severe disabilities by providing the therapy, rehabilitation, and/or training necessary for such individuals to obtain employment ( Chamberlain et al, 2009 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of employment programs on common mental disorders: A systematic review

Evans

Lund

Massazza

et al. 2022

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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Background: While employment programs were not created with the intent to improve common mental disorders (CMDs), they may have a positive impact on the prevalence, incidence, and severity of CMD by reducing poverty and increasing access to economic mobility. Aim: To examine and synthesize the available quantitative evidence of the impact of employment programs on outcomes of CMD. Methods: Embase, Econlit, Global Health, MEDLINE, APA PsychINFO, and Social Policy and Practice were searched for experimental and quasi-experimental studies which investigated the impact of employment programs on primary and secondary outcomes of a CMD. A narrative synthesis according to Popay was conducted. The methodological quality of studies was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Assessment Scale. Results: Of the 1,327 studies retrieved, two randomized controlled trials, one retrospective cohort, one pilot study with a non-randomized experimental design, and one randomized field experiment were included in the final review. Employment programs generally included multiple components such as skills-based training, and hands-on placements. Depression and anxiety were the CMDs measured as primary or secondary outcomes within included studies. Findings regarding the impact of employment programs on CMD were mixed with two studies reporting significantly positive effects, two reporting no effects, and one reporting mixed effects. The quality among included studies was good overall with some concerns regarding internal validity. Conclusion: Employment programs may support a decrease in the prevalence, incidence, and severity of CMDs. However, there is high heterogeneity among study effects, designs, and contexts. More research is needed to gain further insight into the nature of this association and the mechanisms of impact. This review highlights the potential for employment programs and other poverty-reduction interventions to be utilized and integrated into the wider care, prevention, and treatment of common-mental disorders.

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The COVID-19 pandemic’s influence on employment outcomes of veterans enrolled in VA healthcare vocational rehabilitation

Sprong,

Blankenberger,

Pierce

et al. 2024

JVR

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BACKGROUND: Employment has been shown to be the fourth most commonly reported need for veterans and their families, and unemployment rates have ranged from 1–69% dependent on the mental health diagnosis. Complications from the COVID-19 pandemic have had a significant impact on psychological functioning, and social isolation has led to increased psychiatric symptoms. Vocational rehabilitation is an intervention provided to Veterans in an attempt to remove barriers to employment while also increasing involvement in gainful work activity. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the current study was to examine the impact that COVID-19 has had on employment rates at discharge for veterans with mental health disorders participating in a VHA vocational rehabilitation program. METHODS: An outcome-based, summative program evaluation design was used to assess the quality of Veterans served (2016-2021) at a vocational rehabilitation program served at a medical center located in VISN 12 of the U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs. RESULTS: Findings showed that veterans with Bipolar and Psychosis were less likely to discharge with employment (not considering COVID-19). CONCLUSION: No significant meaningful differences existed in employment rates when comparing pre/post March 2020 (official start of COVID-19 pandemic) for veterans with psychiatric diagnoses.

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Vocational rehabilitation for mental health service users with chronic mental illness in low-income to upper-middle-income countries: a scoping review protocol

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Scoping review exploring vocational rehabilitation interventions for mental health service users with chronic mental illness in low-income to upper-middle-income countries

Scoping review exploring vocational rehabilitation interventions for mental health service users with chronic mental illness in low-income to upper-middle-income countries

The impact of employment programs on common mental disorders: A systematic review

The COVID-19 pandemic’s influence on employment outcomes of veterans enrolled in VA healthcare vocational rehabilitation

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