Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

Levasseur, Steve D.; Wittenberg, Leah A.; White, Valerie A.

doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.569

Cited by 91 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…The disease typically masquerades as chronic intermediate and/or posterior uveitis in aged patients and it is unresponsive to corticosteroid therapy [3]. Diagnostic vitrectomy for cytologic analysis with immediate handling is essential for the diagnosis of VRL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary Dropout: A Novel Fluorescein Angiography Finding in Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

Venkatesh¹,

Gurav²,

Dave³

et al. 2017

Ocul Oncol Pathol

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Tissue diagnosis with vitreous and/or retinal biopsy usually confirms the diagnosis of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma. Multiple imaging modalities like fundus fluorescein angiography, fundus autofluorescence, and optical coherence tomography have been used to support the diagnosis of vitreoretinal lymphoma. We report a case of a 74-year-old lady diagnosed with primary vitreoretinal lymphoma showing a novel fluorescein angiographic finding of capillary dropout. We hypothesize that this clinical finding on the fluorescein angiogram may be due to the occlusion of the retinal vasculature by the malignant tumor cells. This finding also suggests the possible intraocular invasion of the malignant lymphomatous cells into the inner retinal layers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary Dropout: A Novel Fluorescein Angiography Finding in Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

Venkatesh¹,

Gurav²,

Dave³

et al. 2017

Ocul Oncol Pathol

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“…The disease typically masquerades as chronic intermediate and/or posterior uveitis in aged patients with no history of uveitis, and it is unresponsive to corticosteroid therapy [7]. Diagnostic vitrectomy for cytologic analysis with prompt handling is critical for the diagnosis of VRL; however, if specimens are not treated promptly and appropriately, cytologic sensitivity is low and a false-negative test may be obtained [7]. For this reason, it may be worth repeating the diagnostic vitrectomy if the clinical suspicion remains high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal Imaging of Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

Mapelli

Invernizzi

Barteselli³

et al. 2016

Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: To assess the characteristics and prevalence of fundus abnormalities in vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) using multimodal imaging. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed chart and imaging studies of patients diagnosed with VRL. Results: All 10 VRL patients (14 eyes) included in the study showed vitreitis, hyperreflective lesions on near-infrared reflectance imaging, and hypoautofluorescent lesions on fundus autofluorescence. Other findings included hypofluorescent lesions on fluorescein angiography (79%), hypocyanescent lesions on indocyanine green angiography (77%), small retinal pigment epithelium detachments (PEDs) (71%) and large PEDs (36%) on optical coherence tomography (OCT). Outer retinal layer nodularity was identified on OCT in 93% of cases. Small PEDs corresponded to hyperreflective, hyperautofluorescent, hypofluorescent, hypocyanescent lesions. Conclusion: Multiple signs were present on multimodal imaging in VRL eyes. Lymphomatous infiltration created focal PEDs showing abnormal imaging signals. Outer retinal layer nodularity could represent an additional sign of infiltration. Multimodal imaging may guide physicians in the early diagnosis of VRL.

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“…Vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) is an ultra-rare disease and an unusual presentation of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) [1]. A quarter of PCNSL patients develop VRL and upto 85% of VRL patients have or will develop another PCNSL [2,3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The case definition for VRL has evolved. It used to be considered a subcategory of intraocular lymphoma (IOL), but the current definition is diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma (DLBCL) arising in the vitreous, retina and the optic nerve [1,4,5]. VRL is most often composed of B-cells [6]; although, rare T-cell variants are reported [7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%