Vitexin, orientin and other flavonoids from Spirodela polyrhiza inhibit adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 cells

Abstract

To investigate the adipogenesis inhibitory effect on lipid accumulation, 3T3-L1 cells were treated with fractions and isolated flavonoids of Spirodela polyrhiza. An ethanol extract of S. polyrhiza was fractionated into three fractions. The butanol soluble fraction (SPB) exhibited potent antiadipogenesis activity and decreased C/EBPα and PPARγ protein expression level in 3T3-L1 cells without significant cytotoxicity. The flavonoids were isolated from SPB and their chemical structures were identified as chrysoeriol (1), apigenin (2), luteolin (3), vitexin (4), cosmosin (5), orientin (6) and luteolin-7-O-β-d-glucoside (7) by spectroscopic analysis. Studies on the adipogenesis and intracellular triglyceride accumulation inhibitory effect showed that compounds 4 and 6 had the highest activity and decreased C/EBPα and PPARγ protein expression level in 3T3-L1 cells. These results suggest that the flavonoids isolated from SPB, especially compounds 4 and 6, contribute to the inhibitory activity of S. polyrhiza in 3T3-L1 cells.

Hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. leaves extract on liver and kidney damage in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

“…The EtOAc and BuOH fractions were subjected to different column chromatography on Silica gel and Sephedex L-H-20 column led to the isolation of orientin from the EtOAc fraction and verbascoside from the BuOH fraction. The two compounds were identified by spectral analysis 1 H and 13 C-NMR (Tables 1 and 2) and compared with published data (Ismail et al, 1995;kim et al, 2010).…”

Effect of salinity stress on phenolic compounds and carotenoids in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.) sprout

“…Several clinical and animal studies have shown that phenolic compounds and carotenoids have a number of health benefits, including antiplatelet aggregation (Sheu et al, 2004), antiasthmatic (Jung et al, 2007), antioxidant (Liu et al, 2008), antiobesity (Kim et al, 2010), and antithyroid properties (Gaitan et al, 1989). Thus, although the germination rate of buckwheat seeds and the fresh weight of sprouts decreased at a high concentration of NaCl (200 mM), and we did not investigate the relationship between the accumulation of secondary metabolites and the functional properties of sprouts, our results suggest that NaCl treatment may represent an effective method to improve the nutritional quality of buckwheat sprouts, i.e., the level of phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and antioxidant activity.…”

Gamisasangja-tang suppresses pruritus and atopic skin inflammation in the NC/Nga murine model of atopic dermatitis

“…To standardize GST, chlorogenic acid, vitexin, decursin, and torilin were used as surrogate markers and the content of each was quantified in GST samples (Ahn et al, 1996;Cho et al, 2008;Ge et al, 2007;Kim et al, 2010). Using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), standardization of GST was carried out on a Waters system (Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA), consisting of separation module (e2695) with a photodiode array detector (2998).…”