Vitellin processing and protein synthesis during cricket embryogenesis

Location of micropyles and early embryonic development of the two‐spotted cricket Gryllus bimaculatus (Insecta, Orthoptera)

“…Many descriptive studies of cricket embryogenesis were also performed in previous years, excellently reviewed by Anderson (1972), Counce (1973) and Sander (1976). More recently, the embryogenesis of the two-spotted cricket Gryllus bimaculatus has been reported by Miyamoto & Shimozawa (1983), Niwa et al (1997), Sato & Tanaka-Sato (2002) and Sarashina et al (2003), but some issues in the early developmental stages still remain controversial or unconfirmed by undisputed evidence, including the location of micropyles (Sauer 1966;McFarlane & McFarlane 1988;Sato & Tanaka-Sato 2002), the transfer of the female pronucleus following meiosis (Sato & Tanaka-Sato 2002), the timing of cellularization (Anderson 1972;Sander 1976;Handley et al 1998) and the bipartite origin of the germ primordium (Anderson 1972;Counce 1973; Sander maintained on an artificial diet for insects (Oriental Yeast, Suita, Osaka, Japan) at 28 Њ C. Eggs laid on piled moistened tissue paper were allowed to develop at 28 Њ C. Unfertilized eggs were dissected from ovaries of virgin females.…”

“…(1997), Sato & Tanaka‐Sato (2002) and Sarashina et al. (2003), but some issues in the early developmental stages still remain controversial or unconfirmed by undisputed evidence, including the location of micropyles (Sauer 1966; McFarlane & McFarlane 1988; Sato & Tanaka‐Sato 2002), the transfer of the female pronucleus following meiosis (Sato & Tanaka‐Sato 2002), the timing of cellularization (Anderson 1972; Sander 1976; Handley et al. 1998) and the bipartite origin of the germ primordium (Anderson 1972; Counce 1973; Sander 1976).…”

Early embryonic development and diapause stage in the band-legged ground cricket Dianemobius nigrofasciatus

“…It has been reported in many species that the cellular blastoderm appears after the syncytial blastoderm (Anderson 1972b;Schweisguth et al 1991;Schejter and Wieschaus 1993;Handley et al 1998;Sarashina et al 2005). Current studies suggest the occurrence of cellularization before completion of blastoderm is unique to D. nigrofasciatus and S. gregaria among hemimetabolous and holometabolous insects (Ho et al 1997).…”

“…In the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), however, it has been shown that cellularization occurs during the blastoderm stage by using a fluorescent lipophilic tracer for labeling the cell membrane (Sarashina et al 2005). It has also been reported that the cellular blastoderm appears after the syncytial blastoderm in Acheta domestica (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) (Handley et al 1998). In Orthoptera, cellularization has been reported to occur at different stages, and the mode of early embryogenesis is variable among different species or families.…”

Prediction of Proteolytic Process Based on N-Terminal Sequences and Molecular Weights by Proteomics and Proteome Analysis

“…Using 2-DE to construct a series of 2-D maps in O. masou during the embryogenic period, we detected synchronous increments in protein constituents during the following periods of embryogenesis: (i) the morphological development corresponding to the shift from principal events of axis formation to differentiation of organs and tissues, (ii) retinal pigmentation, and (iii) immediately before hatching 8 . Proteolytic process in cells is emerging as an important mechanism for controlling cellular processes such as cell-cycle regulation by degrading cyclins, stress response by 20S proteasomes 10 , ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation 11 , apoptosis by proteolytic cleavage of certain cellular proteins by caspases 12 , and degradation of yolk proteins during embryonic development in O. mykiss 9,13,14 , Xenopus laevis 15 , the silkmoth Bombyx mori 16 , orthopteran Blattella germanica 17 , stick insect Carausius morosus 18 and cricket Acheta domesticus 19 . In proteomics and proteome analysis using 2-DE, molecular weights and N-terminal sequences for individual protein spots are relatively easily determined.…”