Vitamin <scp>D</scp> levels after <scp>UVB</scp> radiation: effects by <scp>UVA</scp> additions in a randomized controlled trial

Sallander, Ellinor; Wester, Ulf; Bengtsson, Emil; Edström, Desirée Wiegleb

doi:10.1111/phpp.12076

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(45 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…At the heart of the VD3‐pigment hypothesis is the supposition that melanin in darkly pigmented skin interferes with epidermal vitamin D3 (VD3) production, by reducing the amount of incident UV‐B irradiation that can reach those loci in the nucleated layers of the epidermis where vitamin D is synthesized (Kollias et al, ; Miyamura et al, ; Pathak, ; Pathak & Fitzpatrick, ). Despite the fact that melanin is a modestly effective UV‐B chromophore (with an SPF between 1 and 2), several studies have demonstrated a robust capacity for even deeply melanized skin to generate VD3 (Bogh, Schmedes, Philipsen, Thieden, & Wulf, ; Brazerol, McPhee, Mimouni, Specker, & Tsang, ; Holick, MacLaughlin, & Doppelt, ; Lo, Paris, & Holick, ; Rockell, Skeaff, Williams, & Green, ; Sallander, Wester, Bengtsson, & Wiegleb Edstrom, ; Young, ). Moreover, with the exception of northernmost latitudes, summertime sun exposures can suffice for VD3 requirements year round in all skin types (Bogh, Schmedes, Philipsen, Thieden, & Wulf, ).…”

Section: Pigment Dilution In Modern Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basis for the gain and subsequent dilution of epidermal pigmentation during human evolution: The barrier and metabolic conservation hypotheses revisited

Elias

Williams

2016

American J Phys Anthropol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The evolution of human skin pigmentation must address both the initial evolution of intense epidermal pigmentation in hominins, and its subsequent dilution in modern humans. While many authorities believe that epidermal pigmentation evolved to protect against either ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation-induced mutagenesis or folic acid photolysis, we hypothesize that pigmentation where little UV-B breaches the atmosphere (i.e., present-day UK, Scandinavia, Baltic States), pigment dilution alone could not suffice. There, other nonpigment-related mutations evolved to facilitate VD3 production; for example, in the epidermal protein, filaggrin, resulting in reduced levels of its distal metabolite, trans-urocanic acid, a potent UV-B chromophore. Thus, changes in human pigmentation reflect a complex interplay between latitude, climate, diet, lifestyle, and shifting metabolic priorities.

show abstract

Section: Pigment Dilution In Modern Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basis for the gain and subsequent dilution of epidermal pigmentation during human evolution: The barrier and metabolic conservation hypotheses revisited

Elias

Williams

2016

American J Phys Anthropol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[135][136][137][138] Some tanning lamps emit primarily UVA, which tans the skin but does not induce vitamin D production or provide even the minimal photoprotection that a UVB-induced tan provides. 150,206,207 Some tanning lamps do emit UVB, but studies suggest that vitamin D production is limited and plateaus after brief exposures, so that the amount of UV radiation needed to tan generally exceeds levels needed for adequate vitamin D production. 183,208 Indoor tanning does not appear to be protective against cancer or all-cause mortality.…”

Section: Risks Of Indoor Tanning Outweigh Any Potential Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forekomsten av føflekkreft øker igjen

Veierød¹

2015

Tidsskriftet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States, yet most cases are preventable. Every year in the United States, nearly 5 million people are treated for skin cancer, at an estimated cost of $8.1 billion. Melanoma, the most deadly form of skin cancer, causes nearly 9,000 deaths each year. Despite recent efforts to address risk factors, skin cancer rates continue to rise.While those with lighter skin are more susceptible, anyone can get skin cancer-and it can be serious, even deadly. As a skin oncologist who worked in this field for many years, I have cared for both young and old with skin cancers. Almost all of the conditions were caused by unnecessary ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure, usually from excessive time in the sun or from the use of indoor tanning devices.It is alarming that every year, nearly one out of every three young white women aged 16-25 engages in indoor tanning. It's important to shatter the myth that tanned skin is a sign of health. And a "base" tan is not a "safe" tan. Tanned skin is damaged skin. Understanding the risk of UV exposure is crucial to protecting ourselves and our loved ones.That is why The Surgeon General's Call to Action to Prevent Skin Cancer is important for all of us. It outlines action steps we can all take-as individuals, parents, educators, employers, policy makers, health care professionals, and communities-to reverse this alarming trend.As a nation, we can all do more to address skin cancer as a serious public health challenge. I urge everyone to find out more about the risk of skin cancer-and what we all can do to prevent it.The rates of skin cancer in our nation are increasing, creating a serious public health concern we cannot ignore. As both a medical doctor and a public health official, I see that now is the time for a comprehensive approach to prevent skin cancer, bringing together community partners, business leaders, government agencies, and individuals for a common cause. As a dermatologist, I consider myself fortunate to be a part of this effort and am proud to release this Call to Action to Prevent Skin Cancer.By acknowledging that most skin cancers can be prevented and bringing together partners with a unified, dynamic approach, we are taking concrete steps to support a healthier country. We know there are many strategies that work to protect us from ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, and we need to use them. For example, we recommend that communities provide shade in recreational and play areas to help protect children from overexposure to UV radiation, that businesses increase availability of sun protection for outdoor workers, that policy makers promote policies for shade planning in land use development, and that health providers counsel patients on the importance of using sun protection.Each day, thousands of teens are exposing themselves, unprotected, to harmful UV radiation from tanning beds, but only 10 states currently have laws in place to prevent this practice for youth younger than age 18 years. Together, we must c...

show abstract

“…Although the UV exposure from sunbeds is mainly in the UVA range, the small amount of UVB radiation emitted by sunbed lamps can raise the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood, as shown by a number of randomised trials (de Gruijl et al, 2012, Lagunova et al, 2013, Langdahl et al, 2012, Rhodes et al, 2010, Sallander et al, 2013, Thieden et al, 2008. However, the increase of UV-induced vitamin D production is limited (Olds et al, 2008) and reaches a plateau due to a balance between photo-production and photo-degradation of vitamin D.…”

Section: Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 99%