Vitamin <scp>C</scp> and <scp>E</scp> supplementation blunts increases in total lean body mass in elderly men after strength training

Bjørnsen, Thomas; Salvesen, S; Berntsen, Sveinung; Kj, Hetlelid; Stea, TH; Lohne-Seiler, Hilde; Rohde, Gudrun; Haraldstad, Kristin; Raastad, Truls; Köpp, Unni Mette Stamnes; Haugeberg, Glenn; Ma, Mansoor; Ne, Bastani; Blomhoff, Rune; Sb, Stølevik; Seynnes, Olivier; Paulsen, Gøran

doi:10.1111/sms.12506

Cited by 98 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In this study, rapamycin treatment (a pharmacological inhibitor of mTOR) completely abolished the hypertrophy effect, thus proving that mTOR is necessary for hypertrophy. It is interesting to note that, contrary to this study (where muscle antioxidant defense was decreased and muscle hypertrophy was optimized), other studies evaluating the impact of antioxidants in humans (through vitamin E and C supplementation) were shown to impair muscle hypertrophy response and cell signaling leading to muscle hypertrophy[45,46]. Several studies have observed that RT increases hypoxia, metabolite accumulation and ROS production, which seems to be strictly related[22,23,51,52].…”

Section: Resistance Trainingmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Role of metabolic stress for enhancing muscle adaptations: Practical applications

Freitas¹,

Gerosa-Neto²,

Zanchi³

et al. 2017

WJM

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Metabolic stress is a physiological process that occurs during exercise in response to low energy that leads to metabolite accumulation [lactate, phosphate inorganic (Pi) and ions of hydrogen (H+)] in muscle cells. Traditional exercise protocol (i.e., Resistance training) has an important impact on the increase of metabolite accumulation, which influences hormonal release, hypoxia, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell swelling. Changes in acute exercise routines, such as intensity, volume and rest between sets, are determinants for the magnitude of metabolic stress, furthermore, different types of training, such as low-intensity resistance training plus blood flow restriction and high intensity interval training, could be used to maximize metabolic stress during exercise. Thus, the objective of this review is to describe practical applications that induce metabolic stress and the potential effects of metabolic stress to increase systemic hormonal release, hypoxia, ROS production, cell swelling and muscle adaptations.

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Section: Resistance Trainingmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…In addition, studies have shown that utilization of antioxidants can modify protein signaling after a RT session and impairs muscle mass gains[45,46]. Muscle contractions during exercise produces ROS at low physiological levels and plays an important role in cell signaling to promote beneficial adaptations[47].…”

Section: Resistance Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of metabolic stress for enhancing muscle adaptations: Practical applications

Freitas¹,

Gerosa-Neto²,

Zanchi³

et al. 2017

WJM

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“… b ), while in older participants vitamin C has been report to attenuate gains in lean mass seen during 12 weeks (Bjornsen et al . ), but not 6 months, of resistance training (Bobeuf et al . ).…”

Section: Reactive Oxygen Species and Exercise Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do antioxidant supplements interfere with skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise training?

Merry

Ristow

2016

The Journal of Physiology

231

182

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A popular belief is that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) produced during exercise by the mitochondria and other subcellular compartments ubiquitously cause skeletal muscle damage, fatigue and impair recovery. However, the importance of ROS and RNS as signals in the cellular adaptation process to stress is now evident. In an effort to combat the perceived deleterious effects of ROS and RNS it has become common practice for active individuals to ingest supplements with antioxidant properties, but interfering with ROS/RNS signalling in skeletal muscle during acute exercise may blunt favourable adaptation. There is building evidence that antioxidant supplementation can attenuate endurance training-induced Troy Merry obtained his PhD from the University of Melbourne investigating the role or reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in regulating skeletal muscle glucose uptake during exercise. He is now a post-doctoral research fellow at the ETH Zurich and his research focuses on understand the molecular mechanisms underlying metabolic disease and metabolic adaptation to exercise, and the involvement of ROS in this regard. Michael Ristow's research is focused on the biochemical and molecular basis of longevity -in particular the role played by mitochondria in lifespan regulation and prevention of metabolic diseases. Contrary to the widely re-iterated Free Radical Theory of Ageing, Ristow was the first to show that the health-promoting effects associated with low caloric intake, physical exercise and other lifespan-extending interventions like sirtuin signalling are caused by increased formation of reactive oxygen species within the mitochondria, causing a vaccination-like adaptive response that culminates in increased stress resistance and extended longevity, a process called mitohormesis. and ROS/RNS-mediated enhancements in antioxidant capacity, mitochondrial biogenesis, cellular defence mechanisms and insulin sensitivity. However, this is not a universal finding, potentially indicating that there is redundancy in the mechanisms controlling skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise, meaning that in some circumstances the negative impact of antioxidants on acute exercise response can be overcome by training. Antioxidant supplementation has been more consistently reported to have deleterious effects on the response to overload stress and high-intensity training, suggesting that remodelling of skeletal muscle following resistance and high-intensity exercise is more dependent on ROS/RNS signalling. Importantly there is no convincing evidence to suggest that antioxidant supplementation enhances exercise-training adaptions. Overall, ROS/RNS are likely to exhibit a non-linear (hormetic) pattern on exercise adaptations, where physiological doses are beneficial and high exposure (which would seldom be achieved during normal exercise training) may be detrimental. Abstract figure legend Acute exercise increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ...

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“…Many athletes use antioxidant supplements [11] in the belief they could further protect against exercise induced stress and thus improve recovery. However, recent studies indicate that antioxidant supplementation have the ability to blunt training adaptations in skeletal muscle [12,13]. A proposed mechanism for the observed interference between antioxidant supplementation and training adaptations has been related to changes in redox status in the muscle, which in turn might affect cell signaling [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin C and E supplementation does not affect heat shock proteins or endogenous antioxidants in trained skeletal muscles during 12 weeks of strength training

et al. 2017

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Background: Supplementation with large doses of antioxidants, such as vitamin C and E, has been shown to blunt some adaptations to endurance training. The effects of antioxidant supplementation on adaptations to strength training is sparsely studied. Herein we investigated the effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on acute stress responses to exercise and adaptation to traditional heavy load strength training. Methods: In a double blind placebo-controlled design, twenty-eight, young, trained males and females were randomly assigned to receive either vitamin C and E (C: 1000 mg, E: 235 mg, per day) or placebo supplements, and underwent strength training for 10 weeks. After five weeks, a subgroup conducted a strength training session to investigate acute stress responses. Muscle samples were obtained to investigate changes in stress responses and in proteins and mRNA related to the heat shock proteins (HSPs) or antioxidant enzymes.

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Vitamin C and E supplementation blunts increases in total lean body mass in elderly men after strength training

Cited by 98 publications

References 40 publications

Role of metabolic stress for enhancing muscle adaptations: Practical applications

Role of metabolic stress for enhancing muscle adaptations: Practical applications

Do antioxidant supplements interfere with skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise training?

Vitamin C and E supplementation does not affect heat shock proteins or endogenous antioxidants in trained skeletal muscles during 12 weeks of strength training

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