Vitamin-Like Supplementation in Dairy Ruminants: The Case of Choline

Pinotti, L.

doi:10.5772/50770

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Although the impact of dietary supplementation with methionine, choline and betaine on milk characteristics has been studied separately for each one of them, no information exists so far about their simultaneous role on milk yield chemical composition and antioxidant capacity. Thus, taken into account all the above, and that in dairy ruminants, especially at the onset of lactation, the output of methylated compounds to milk is particularly high (Xue and Snoswell, ; Pinotti, ), the objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with rumen‐protected methionine alone (M) or in combination with rumen‐protected choline and betaine (MCB) on (i) milk yield, chemical composition and fatty acids (FA) profile, (ii) blood plasma glutathione transferase (GST) activity and (iii) total antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of periparturient dairy ewes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dietary supplementation with rumen‐protected methionine alone or in combination with rumen‐protected choline and betaine on sheep milk and antioxidant capacity

Tsiplakou

Mavrommatis

Kalogeropoulos

et al. 2016

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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This study investigated the effects of dietary inclusion of rumen-protected methionine alone or in combination with rumen-protected choline and betaine on: (i) milk yield, chemical composition and fatty acids (FA) profile and (ii) blood plasma glutathione transferase (GST) activity of periparturient ewes. Furthermore, the oxidative stress indicators for measuring total antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity [ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays] were also determined in plasma and milk of ewes. Thus, 45 ewes were divided into three equal groups. Each animal of the control group fed daily with a basal diet. The same diet was offered also in each animal of the other two groups. However, the concentrate fed to M group was supplemented with 2.5 g/kg rumen-protected methionine, while the concentrate fed to MCB group with 5 g/kg of a commercial product which contained a combination of methionine, choline and betaine, all three in rumen-protected form. The results showed that the M diet, compared with the control, increased significantly the ewe's milk fat and the total solids content. Likewise, a tendency for higher milk fat and total solids content in ewes fed the MCB diet was also observed. Both M and MCB diets had not noticeable impact on ewes milk FA profile. Significantly higher FRAP values in the blood plasma of ewes fed the MCB and in the milk of ewes fed with the M diet compared with the control were found. Additionally, significantly higher GST activity in the blood plasma of ewes fed the M diet, compared with the control, was observed. Moreover, a significant increase (by 20%) and a tendency for increase (by 16.72%) in the growth rate of lambs nursing ewes fed with M and MCB diets, respectively, compared to controls, were found.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dietary supplementation with rumen‐protected methionine alone or in combination with rumen‐protected choline and betaine on sheep milk and antioxidant capacity

Tsiplakou

Mavrommatis

Kalogeropoulos

et al. 2016

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…Other studies confirmed the importance of choline supplementation in increasing not only milk production (yield and composition) but also choline-containing compounds in milk derived from dairy ruminants [ 12 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ].…”

Section: Bovine Mfgs and The Mfgmmentioning

confidence: 84%

Comparative Proteomics of Milk Fat Globule Membrane (MFGM) Proteome across Species and Lactation Stages and the Potentials of MFGM Fractions in Infant Formula Preparation

Manoni

Lorenzo

Ottoboni

et al. 2020

Foods

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Milk is a lipid-in-water emulsion with a primary role in the nutrition of newborns. Milk fat globules (MFGs) are a mixture of proteins and lipids with nutraceutical properties related to the milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), which protects them, thus preventing their coalescence. Human and bovine MFGM proteomes have been extensively characterized in terms of their formation, maturation, and composition. Here, we review the most recent comparative proteomic analyses of MFGM proteome, above all from humans and bovines, but also from other species. The major MFGM proteins are found in all the MFGM proteomes of the different species, although there are variations in protein expression levels and molecular functions across species and lactation stages. Given the similarities between the human and bovine MFGM and the bioactive properties of MFGM components, several attempts have been made to supplement infant formulas (IFs), mainly with polar lipid fractions of bovine MFGM and to a lesser extent with protein fractions. The aim is thus to narrow the gap between human breast milk and cow-based IFs. Despite the few attempts made to date, supplementation with MFGM proteins seems promising as MFGM lipid supplementation. A deeper understanding of MFGM proteomes should lead to better results.

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“…The results show that most of the unique compounds are essential for the human body, including amino acids (proline, L-arginine, L-alanine, glycine, aspartic acid, L-valine) [ 40 ], vitamins or vitamin-like molecules (nicotinic acid, choline) [ 41 , 42 ], lipids or lipid-like molecules (darutoside, mairin) [ 43 , 44 ], and carbohydrates (methose) [ 45 ]. According to the theory of TM, Qi promotes energy conversion and substance metabolism, thereby promoting human growth and development, and also maintains the normal temperature of the human body [ 1 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Qi-Invigorating Effects in Traditional Medicine: Network Pharmacology-Based Study on the Unique Functions of Qi-Invigorating Herb Group

Tran

Kim

Nguyen

2022

Plants

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Qi-invigorating herbs (QIHs) are a group of herbs that invigorate Qi, the most vital force for maintaining the physiological functions of the human body in traditional medicine. However, the mechanism underlying the Qi-invigorating effects remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the unique mechanisms of QIHs based on unique compounds, using a network pharmacology approach. QIHs and their compounds were identified using existing literature and the TCMSP database, respectively. Subsequently, a method was proposed to screen for unique compounds that are common in QIHs but rare in other traditional herbs. Unique compounds’ targets were predicted using the TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM, and SwissTargetPrediction databases. Finally, enriched GO and KEGG pathways were obtained using DAVID to uncover the biomolecular functions and mechanisms. Thirteen unique compounds, mainly including amino acids and vitamins that participate in energy metabolism and improve Qi deficiency syndrome, were identified among the eight QIHs. GO and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that these compounds commonly participate in neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction and the metabolism of amino acids, and are related to the components of mitochondria and neuronal cells. Our results appropriately reflect the characteristics of traditional Qi-invigorating effects; therefore, this study facilitates the scientific interpretation of Qi functions and provides evidence regarding the treatment effectiveness of QIHs.

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Vitamin-Like Supplementation in Dairy Ruminants: The Case of Choline

Cited by 7 publications

References 68 publications

The effect of dietary supplementation with rumen‐protected methionine alone or in combination with rumen‐protected choline and betaine on sheep milk and antioxidant capacity

The effect of dietary supplementation with rumen‐protected methionine alone or in combination with rumen‐protected choline and betaine on sheep milk and antioxidant capacity

Comparative Proteomics of Milk Fat Globule Membrane (MFGM) Proteome across Species and Lactation Stages and the Potentials of MFGM Fractions in Infant Formula Preparation

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Qi-Invigorating Effects in Traditional Medicine: Network Pharmacology-Based Study on the Unique Functions of Qi-Invigorating Herb Group

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