Vitamin K intake and breast cancer incidence and death: results from a prospective cohort study

Wang, Kang; Wu, Qianxue; Li, Zhuyue; Reger, Michael K.; Xiong, Yong; Zhong, Guo‐Chao; Li, Qing; Zhang, Xiang; Li, Hongyuan; Foukakis, Theodoros; Xiang, Tingxiu; Zhang, Jianjun; Ren, Guo Sheng

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.11.009

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…After adjustment for confounders, total VK and dietary VK1 were not associated with breast cancer incidence and mortality. However, total VK2 intake was significantly associated with 26% elevated breast cancer risk, and 71% increased risk of death from breast cancer [219]. In the general population, VK2 intake is mainly from cheese and meat and, based on recent scientific evidence, meat consumption and not VK2 was associated with increased breast cancer risk [220].…”

Section: The Effect Of Vitamin K On Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Vitamin K in Humans: Implication in Aging and Age-Associated Diseases

2021

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As human life expectancy is rising, the incidence of age-associated diseases will also increase. Scientific evidence has revealed that healthy diets, including good fats, vitamins, minerals, or polyphenolics, could have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, with antiaging effects. Recent studies demonstrated that vitamin K is a vital cofactor in activating several proteins, which act against age-related syndromes. Thus, vitamin K can carboxylate osteocalcin (a protein capable of transporting and fixing calcium in bone), activate matrix Gla protein (an inhibitor of vascular calcification and cardiovascular events) and carboxylate Gas6 protein (involved in brain physiology and a cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disease inhibitor). By improving insulin sensitivity, vitamin K lowers diabetes risk. It also exerts antiproliferative, proapoptotic, autophagic effects and has been associated with a reduced risk of cancer. Recent research shows that protein S, another vitamin K-dependent protein, can prevent the cytokine storm observed in COVID-19 cases. The reduced activation of protein S due to the pneumonia-induced vitamin K depletion was correlated with higher thrombogenicity and possibly fatal outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Our review aimed to present the latest scientific evidence about vitamin K and its role in preventing age-associated diseases and/or improving the effectiveness of medical treatments in mature adults ˃50 years old.

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Section: The Effect Of Vitamin K On Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Vitamin K in Humans: Implication in Aging and Age-Associated Diseases

2021

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“…This may suggest a benefit of dietary supplementation with vitamin K. In fact, vitamin K is approved for the treatment of osteoporosis in Japan [2]. However, a recent study demonstrated a correlation of high vitamin K intake with elevated risk for breast cancer [9]. This indicates that dietary vitamin K supplementation needs to be further evaluated in order to obtain a comprehensive understanding of associated risks and benefits.…”

Section: Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dietary shortage of vitamin K has been associated with increased risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease [5,7,8]. Surprisingly, however, a recent study suggests that elevated uptake of vitamin K2 may be linked to increased risk for breast cancer and higher mortality in breast cancer patients [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin K-Dependent Proteins in Skeletal Development and Disease

Stöck

Schett

2021

IJMS

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Vitamin K and Vitamin K-dependent proteins (VKDPs) are best known for their pivotal role in blood coagulation. Of the 14 VKPDs identified in humans to date, 6 play also important roles in skeletal biology and disease. Thus, osteocalcin, also termed bone Gla-protein, is the most abundant non-collagenous protein in bone. Matrix Gla protein and Ucma/GRP on the other hand are highly abundant in cartilage. Furthermore, periostin, protein S, and growth arrest specific 6 protein (GAS 6) are expressed in skeletal tissues. The roles for these VKDPs are diverse but include the control of calcification and turnover of bone and cartilage. Vitamin K plays an important role in osteoporosis and serum osteocalcin levels are recognized as a promising marker for osteoporosis. On the other hand, matrix Gla protein and Ucma/GRP are associated with osteoarthritis. This review focuses on the roles of these three VKDPs, osteocalcin, matrix Gla protein and Ucma/GRP, in skeletal development and disease but will also summarize the roles the other skeletal VKDPs (periostin, protein S and GAS6) in skeletal biology.

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“…We found that a moderate to high intakes of vitamin K 1 was associated with a lower risk of cancer-related mortality. Four prior epidemiological studies that examined cancer mortality and vitamin K 1 intake are conflicted – three found no statistically significant association [ 11 , 15 , 16 ], and one reported an inverse association in an elderly Mediterranean population [ 13 ]. Conflicting findings between cohorts may be attributed to different diets, the use of different vitamin K 1 food databases and/or differences in the inclusion of vitamin K-rich foods in the respective FFQs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vitamin K 1 is hypothesised to have anticancer effects and has been found to inhibit some human tumour cell lines, but the evidence is weak [9,10]. Evidence from observational studies is limited and provides conflicting reports as to the association between vitamin K 1 and both all-cause [11][12][13][14] and cause-specific mortality, including CVD- [11,13,14] and cancer-related mortality [11,13,15,16]. The inconsistent findings between observational studies warrants further investigation of the potential associations in a large cohort setting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between vitamin K1 intake and mortality in the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort

et al. 2021

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Reported associations between vitamin K1 and both all-cause and cause-specific mortality are conflicting. The 56,048 participants from the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health prospective cohort study, with a median [IQR] age of 56 [52–60] years at entry and of whom 47.6% male, were followed for 23 years, with 14,083 reported deaths. Of these, 5015 deaths were CVD-related, and 6342 deaths were cancer-related. Intake of vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) was estimated from a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and its relationship with mortality outcomes was investigated using Cox proportional hazards models. A moderate to high (87–192 µg/d) intake of vitamin K1 was associated with a lower risk of all-cause [HR (95%CI) for quintile 5 vs quintile 1: 0.76 (0.72, 0.79)], cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related [quintile 5 vs quintile 1: 0.72 (0.66, 0.79)], and cancer-related mortality [quintile 5 vs quintile 1: 0.80 (0.75, 0.86)], after adjusting for demographic and lifestyle confounders. The association between vitamin K1 intake and cardiovascular disease-related mortality was present in all subpopulations (categorised according to sex, smoking status, diabetes status, and hypertension status), while the association with cancer-related mortality was only present in current/former smokers (p for interaction = 0.002). These findings suggest that promoting adequate intakes of foods rich in vitamin K1 may help to reduce all-cause, CVD-related, and cancer-related mortality at the population level.

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Vitamin K intake and breast cancer incidence and death: results from a prospective cohort study

Cited by 16 publications

References 165 publications

The Role of Vitamin K in Humans: Implication in Aging and Age-Associated Diseases

The Role of Vitamin K in Humans: Implication in Aging and Age-Associated Diseases

Vitamin K-Dependent Proteins in Skeletal Development and Disease

Association between vitamin K1 intake and mortality in the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort

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