Vitamin K and Bone Health

Hamidi, Maryam; Gajić-Veljanoski, Olga; Cheung, Angela M.

doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2013.08.017

Cited by 75 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The role of vitamin K, another fat-soluble vitamin, in bone health is interesting and has a potential for development of new therapeutics, although high-quality trials are lacking. Readers are referred to the recent review by Hamidi et al 66 Both vitamin A and vitamin E have complex and dose-dependent actions on the bone. In the case of vitamin E, gamma-tocopherol may be associated with increased bone formation, whereas alpha-tocopherol may antagonize this effect.…”

Section: Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of lifestyle, smoking and other modifiable risk factors for osteoporotic fractures

Abrahamsen¹,

Brask-Lindemann

Rubin

et al. 2014

BoneKEy Reports

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Although many strong risk factors for osteoporosis-such as family history, fracture history and age-are not modifiable, a number of important risk factors are potential targets for intervention. Thus, simple, non-pharmacological intervention in patients at increased risk of osteoporotic fractures could include reduction of excessive alcohol intake, smoking cessation, adequate nutrition, patient education, daily physical activity and a careful review of medications that could increase the risk of falls and fractures. There remains, however, an unmet need for high-quality intervention studies in most of these areas.

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Section: Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of lifestyle, smoking and other modifiable risk factors for osteoporotic fractures

Abrahamsen¹,

Brask-Lindemann

Rubin

et al. 2014

BoneKEy Reports

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“…There are two natural forms of vitamin K: vitamin K 1 and vitamin K 2 . Vitamin K 1 is synthesized by plants, while vitamin K 2 is produced by bacteria [10]. Vitamin K 2 is also synthesized in certain vertebrate tissue through the conversion of vitamin K 1 or phylloquinone into menaquinone-4, a form of vitamin K 2 , using the enzyme UbiA prenyltransferase containing 1 (UBIAD1; [11]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vitamin K 2 is also synthesized in certain vertebrate tissue through the conversion of vitamin K 1 or phylloquinone into menaquinone-4, a form of vitamin K 2 , using the enzyme UbiA prenyltransferase containing 1 (UBIAD1; [11]). Vitamin K functions as a cofactor for the enzyme gammacarboxylase, which carboxylates glutamic acid and results in its conversion to gamma-carboxyglutamic acid [10]. Osteocalcin, which is a protein essential for the formation of hydroxyapaptite crystals, requires the gamma-carboxylation of three glutamic acid residues in order to bind calcium [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vitamin K functions as a cofactor for the enzyme gammacarboxylase, which carboxylates glutamic acid and results in its conversion to gamma-carboxyglutamic acid [10]. Osteocalcin, which is a protein essential for the formation of hydroxyapaptite crystals, requires the gamma-carboxylation of three glutamic acid residues in order to bind calcium [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Vitamin D, K1, and K2 Supplementation on Bone Formation by Osteoblasts In Vitro: A Meta-analysis

Lancaster¹,

Harrison²

2017

J Biom Biostat

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Bone loss is a major health problem that many aging individuals will face and thus research focusing on enhancing bone formation is of great importance. Cell biology or in vitro studies are particularly useful in exploring the exact effects a vitamin, supplement or drug has on particular processes within a certain cell type. Although there have been many cell biology articles focusing on the effects of vitamin D, K 1 or K 2 addition on bone formation in vitro, there has yet to be a consensus amongst the literature. The purpose of this article is to determine the effects of vitamin D, K 1 and K 2 supplementation on osteoblast maturation parameters through meta-analysis of past cell biology literature. A Hedges d effect size was calculated for each experiment extracted from past literature and the experiments were grouped by experiment and cell type. Homogeneity was assessed by the Cochran's Q test, while the effect sizes' departure from zero was assessed by a 95% confidence interval and a non-directional test. Supplementation with vitamin D, K 1 and K 2 , along with the combination of vitamin K 2 + 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, increased bone mineralization, while not consistently affecting all of the other parameters associated with bone formation. Vitamin K 2 and D addition had variable effects on bone formation using different cell types, which calls into question the suitability of particular cell lines as models for clinical trials. Therefore, the conditions and parameters in which bone formation is studied in vitro must be considered carefully before running a vitamin supplementation or drug-testing experiment.

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“…It is known that the richest source of natural VK2 is the traditional Japanese food natto which is made of fermented soybeans (7). VK2 has received wide attentions for its health benefit such as for the prevention of osteoporosis (8). There has been continuing interest for the use of VK2 in the chemoprevention of HCC in Japan due to its long-term safety.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carboxylic Derivatives of Vitamin K2 Inhibit Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Growth through Caspase/Transglutaminase-Related Signaling Pathways

Qin

Fujii

Shimizu

et al. 2015

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Summary Chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most challenging aspects of medical research. Vitamin K2 (VK2) has been suggested for its chemopreventive role in treatment of HCC, while inconsistent results in clinical trials have been reported. The present study was initiated to add to our insight into the anti-HCC cell proliferative effect of VK2 and its derivatives from a viewpoint of chemical structure. No significant effect was observed with original VK2, while VK2 derivatives bearing both isoprene units and a carboxyl-terminated side chain dose-dependently inhibited the growth of HCC cells without affecting normal liver cells. Loss-of-function analyses revealed that the anti-HCC cell activity by the VK2 derivatives was not mediated by a VK2 binding protein Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer (Bak) but rather associated with caspase/transglutaminase-related signaling pathways. Further studies on the carboxylic derivatives of VK2 bearing isoprene structural units introduced in this study might shed new light on the systemic treatment and prevention of HCC.

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Vitamin K and Bone Health

Cited by 75 publications

References 15 publications

A review of lifestyle, smoking and other modifiable risk factors for osteoporotic fractures

A review of lifestyle, smoking and other modifiable risk factors for osteoporotic fractures

Effects of Vitamin D, K1, and K2 Supplementation on Bone Formation by Osteoblasts In Vitro: A Meta-analysis

Carboxylic Derivatives of Vitamin K2 Inhibit Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Growth through Caspase/Transglutaminase-Related Signaling Pathways

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