Vitamin E remains the major lipid-soluble, chain-breaking antioxidant in human plasma even in individuals suffering severe vitamin E deficiency

Ingold, K. U.; Webb, Ann; Witter, Donna; Burton, Graham W.; Metcalfe, Tanner; Muller, D. P. R.

doi:10.1016/0003-9861(87)90489-9

Cited by 217 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…We previously reported that women with preeclampsia have lower carotenoid, ·-tocopherol and vitamin C levels [7,8]. Coenzyme Q 10 , ·-tocopherol and Á-tocopherol are lipid-soluble antioxidants stored primarily in the lipid cell membranes [15,16]. When the water-soluble antioxidant ascorbic acid is initially depleted in patients with preeclampsia [7], free radicals can then diffuse to lipid cell membranes, initiating lipid peroxidation, the propagation of which can be inhibited by lipid-soluble antioxidants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid-Soluble Antioxidants and Pregnancy: Maternal Serum Levels of Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub>, α-Tocopherol and γ-Tocopherol in Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy

Palan

Shaban

Martino

et al. 2004

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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It has been hypothesized that in preeclampsia, the antioxidant-deficient state may facilitate increased attacks of free radicals, which may result in endothelial cell damage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of three lipid-soluble antioxidants, coenzyme Q₁₀, α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol, with preeclampsia and normal pregnancy. Serum levels of all three antioxidants in 42 women with normal pregnancies, 25 with mild preeclampsia and 28 with severe preeclampsia were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography. A significant decrease was observed in serum levels of coenzyme Q₁₀ and α-tocopherol (p < 0.001 for each by the Kruskal-Wallis rank test) in women with preeclampsia compared to levels in normal pregnancy. γ-Tocopherol levels were comparable among the different groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed significant association between grades of preeclampsia and both serum coenzyme Q₁₀ and α-tocopherol levels (p = 0.000 and 0.030, respectively). Coenzyme Q₁₀ and α-tocopherol are potent antioxidants, and the decreased levels of these two antioxidants in preeclampsia may alter the normal redox balance, thereby reducing the ability of antioxidant defenses to protect against free radical damage. This could be a factor in the endothelial cell damage observed in preeclampsia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid-Soluble Antioxidants and Pregnancy: Maternal Serum Levels of Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub>, α-Tocopherol and γ-Tocopherol in Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy

Palan

Shaban

Martino

et al. 2004

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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“…On the other hand, if the activity of glutathione peroxidase is low, e. g. secondary to deficits in selenium or cysteine, or if the production of catalase is impaired, which may be the case in conditions where haem synthesis is disturbed, toxic hydroxyl radicals are produced in proportion to the degree of Superoxide dismutase induction. These are neutralized by fatty acids, but if the regeneration of these molecular species is inhibited for lack of vitamin E, ß-carotene and/or for the endogenously produced carnitine, taurine and ubiquinone, unopposed reactive hydroxyl radicals will eventually be generated and give rise to damage to cellular nucleic acid, protein and lipid constituents (53, [61][62][63][64]. Differences in the supply of compounds with antioxidant action may, by these mechanisms, account for differences in porphyric morbidity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Markers for Vulnerability in Acute Porphyria. A Hypothesis Paper

Thunell¹,

Andersson²,

Carlmark³

et al. 1995

CCLM

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Summary:Previously symptomatic and permanently asymptomatic carriers of a gene mutation for acute intermittent porphyria as well as matched controls were screened with regard to a series of variables of possible relevance to the development of porphyric symptoms. The basis for the study was a concept of acute porphyria as a condition of a permanent system overload of oxidative stress, with long term effects on hepatic and renal tissue, and with instances of periodic overload of free radicals giving rise to acute neurologic involvement.Leukocyte concentrations of manganese, calcium, iron and zinc, as well as erythrocyte calcium differed between the groups, acute intermittent porphyria gene carriers, irrespective of previous porphyric illness, showing significantly higher levels than the controls.Manganese was found to be the most discriminative component of all the 78 variables investigated, accounting for about 98 per cent of the variance between the groups. An increment, by a factor of four, in cellular manganese is suggestive of an increase, in acute intermittent porphyria, of a manganese associated enzyme, e. g. glutamine synthetase, pyruvate carboxylase or mitochondrial Superoxide dismutase. The best fit into the model considered is provided by a theory focused on Superoxide dismutase, induced in response to Superoxide anion radical produced from aminolaevulinic acid. In porphyria gene carriers seemingly resistent to porphyric manifestations, an increase in potentially prooxidant cellular iron is matched by a proportional increment in manganese, i.e. presumably by a corresponding mitochondrial Superoxide dismutase induction. This mechanism is not operative in porphyric individuals prone to development of neuropsychiatric symptoms.In acute intermittent poiphyria with a history of porphyric illness there is a positive correlation between erythrocyte manganese and serum folate and a negative correlation between leukocyte ferrochelatase activity and serum cobalamin concentration. This may mirror a role of the cobalamin-folate system in the acute porphyric process.

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“…Its function as a protectant against genotoxicity is dependent upon its ability to break radical-propagated chain reactions. As a result, the formation of the tocopheroxyl radical, the odd-electron derivative of vitamin E, is an inherent part of any vitamin E-based antioxidative reaction [28]. As a matter of fact, lipid-soluble antioxidant, alpha-tocopherol in biological membranes, reacts with many oxidant molecules.…”

Section: Con -Solvent Vehicle Was Given Cis -Cisplatin (4 Mg/kg/bw);mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of vitamin E-acetate on cisplatin induced genotoxicity: An in vivo analysis

2012

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Vitamin E has generated immense interest because of its potential of being an antioxidant, a neuroprotector, and a protector against atherosclerosis, carcinogenesis and cardiovascular disease. However, the prooxidant chemistry of vitamin E cannot be ignored since it is related to the generation of peroxyl radicals. In the present study, 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg of vitamin E-acetate (VE) administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) to Balb/C mice significantly induced 6%, 8% and 11.33% (control value=2.33%) of chromosome aberrations (CA) and 0.88%, 1.39% and 1.81% (control value=0.61%) of micronucleus (MN), following 24 hour of treatment in the bone marrow cells. In the germ cells, VE did not induce any sperm head abnormality (SHA) after 35 days of exposure. Most importantly, it has been observed that pre-treatment with VE significantly reduces CA, MN, and SHA induction by chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin (CIS). Our findings suggest that lone treatment with VE induce genotoxicity in somatic cells after 24 and 48 hours of exposure but not in germ cells after 35 days of exposure, whereas pre-treatment with VE reduces CIS induced genotoxicity as well as cytotoxicity. There exists a thin line of difference on the behavioral transition of VE when acting alone and when acting with a drug.

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Vitamin E remains the major lipid-soluble, chain-breaking antioxidant in human plasma even in individuals suffering severe vitamin E deficiency

Cited by 217 publications

References 9 publications

Lipid-Soluble Antioxidants and Pregnancy: Maternal Serum Levels of Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub>, α-Tocopherol and γ-Tocopherol in Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy

Lipid-Soluble Antioxidants and Pregnancy: Maternal Serum Levels of Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub>, α-Tocopherol and γ-Tocopherol in Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy

Markers for Vulnerability in Acute Porphyria. A Hypothesis Paper

Role of vitamin E-acetate on cisplatin induced genotoxicity: An in vivo analysis

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