Vitamin E Protects Mice Against
            <i>Diplococcus pneumoniae</i>
            Type I Infection

Heinzerling, Rollin H.; Tengerdy, Robert P.; Wick, Linda; Lueker, David C.

doi:10.1128/iai.10.6.1292-1295.1974

Cited by 75 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Antioxidants, and vitamin E in particular, have been proposed to be beneficial against oxidative stress caused by heavy exercise, and while there are reports indicating benefit, the literature is quite divergent [13,19,25]. Vitamin E affects the immune system [15,17], and improves resistance to viral and bacterial infections in animals [5,6,17,27]. Under the assumption that physical activity causes oxidative stress which may harm the immune system, vitamin E could protect against these effects and thereby might influence the risk of infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity and the Risk of Pneumonia in Male Smokers Administered Vitamin E and β-Carotene

et al. 2006

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It has been proposed that moderate exercise may enhance the immune system. We evaluated whether physical activity at work or at leisure is associated with the risk of pneumonia, and whether the antioxidants vitamin E and β-carotene affect pneumonia risk in physically active people. A cohort of 16 804 male smokers aged 50 -69 years and working at study entry was drawn from the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study, which examined the effect of vitamin E, 50 mg/day, and β-carotene, 20 mg/day, on lung and other cancers. Physical activity at work, and the type of leisure-time exercise, were recorded at study entry. We retrieved the first occurrence of hospital-treated pneumonia during a 3-year follow-up from the National Hospital Discharge Register (133 cases). Physical activity at work and at leisure had no association with the risk of pneumonia. In participants with physically loading jobs, neither vitamin E nor β-carotene affected the risk of pneumonia. In participants carrying out moderate or heavy exercise at leisure, β-carotene had no effect, but vitamin E reduced the risk of pneumonia by 50% (95 % CI: 16 -70%). Previously, exercise has been shown to affect diverse laboratory measures of the immune system which are, however, only surrogate markers for the resistance to infections. The lack of association between physical activity and the risk of pneumonia observed in our study emphasizes the problem of drawing conclusions from surrogate end points. The finding that vitamin E reduced the risk of pneumonia in persons carrying out leisure-time exercise warrants further study. 2

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity and the Risk of Pneumonia in Male Smokers Administered Vitamin E and β-Carotene

et al. 2006

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“…Although, the mechanism involved in stimulating serum bactericidal activity in turtles is not presently clear, vitamin E may directly or indirectly play a role as a bactericide or bacteriostat. 9 In conclusion, dietary vitamin E significantly enhanced non-specific immune function in softshelled turtles, and the optimal dosage for improving blood cell phagocytosis, serum bacteriolytic activity, and bactericidal activity ranged from 250 to 500 mg/kg. This is the first report regarding the effects of vitamin E on serum bacteriolytic activity and bactericidal activity in a vertebrate species.…”

Section: The Effect Of Vitamin E On Serum Bactericidal Activitymentioning

confidence: 84%

The effects of vitamin E on non-specific immune response of the juvenile soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis

2005

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This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary vitamin E supplements on non-specific immune responses in juvenile soft-shelled turtles. Turtles were fed diets supplemented with vitamin E at 0 (control), 50, 250, 500, 1000 and 5000 mg/kg, respectively, for 4 weeks. Results showed that blood cell phagocytosis and serum bactericidal activity were significantly improved in turtles from two diets (250 and 500 mg/kg vitamin E supplementation), while had no significant improvement in turtles from the three remaining diets (50, 1000 and 5000 mg/kg vitamin E supplementation) when compared to turtles from the control group. Serum bacteriolytic activity in turtles from diets with 50, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg vitamin E supplementation were higher than activity levels quantified for the control group, but no significant difference was observed between the 5000 mg/kg vitamin E supplementation diet and the control diet. The results suggest that vitamin E has an upper and lower threshold for improving non-specific immune function in soft-shelled turtles, and the optimal supplementation may be between 250 and 500 mg/kg.

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“…Tengerdy et al (1978) showed that supplementation with 150-300 mgkg vitamin E significantly reduced E. coli-induced mortality in chickens (from 50% to 5%). Similarly, the mortality of mice infected with diplococcus pneumonia Type I decreased from 80 to 20% after vitamin E supplementation (Heinzerling et al 1974). The protective effect of vitamin E was associated with higher antibody titer, increased plaque forming units, and higher phagocytic activity.…”

Section: Infectious Diseasementioning

confidence: 91%