Vitamin E Forms for Turkeys

Waibel, P. E.; Felice, Lawrence J.; Brannon, J. A.; Chen, F.; Chen, Mo

doi:10.1093/japr/3.3.261

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Liver a-TOC decreased markedly between 7 and 14 d of age and then increased slightly until 21 d of age. These age-related changes in liver a-TOC agree with previous results published for turkeys (Soto-Salanova et al, 1993;Waibel et al, 1994;Applegate, 1995;Soto-Salanova and Sell, 1995). Sklan et al (1982) attributed low liver a-TOC levels detected in turkeys to an early and high production and excretion of tocopheryl glucuronides, however, despite the low values of a-TOC detected in liver of poults during the current experiment, no signs of VE deficiency could be detected.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Efficacy of Dietary and Injected Vitamin E for Poults

Soto-Salanova

Sell

1996

Poultry Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An experiment was conducted to compare the efficacy of two dietary sources and an injectable form of vitamin E (VE) to improve the VE status of poults. Six of the treatments consisted of a factorial arrangement of three concentrations and two sources of dietary VE. Turkeys in these treatments received 12, 80, or 150 IU of either dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate or d-alpha-tocopherol (d-alpha-TOC)/kg of diet. The seventh treatment consisted of a single subcutaneous injection of d-alpha-TOC at 1 d of age. Poults in this treatment were subcutaneously injected in the dorsal area of the neck with 25 IU of d-alpha-TOC, this amount being approximately equivalent to the amount poults would consume if their diet was supplemented with 150 IU of VE/kg during their 1st wk of life. Concentration, source, or route of VE administration did not affect growth parameters, plasma creatine kinase, plasma triglycerides, or liver lipid peroxidation as measured by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay (TBARS). Plasma, red blood cells (RBC), and liver alpha-TOC decreased from hatching to 14 d of age in poults fed either source of VE. The use of 80 or 150 IU of dietary VE (either source) reduced (P < 0.05) the extent of depletion of alpha-TOC at all ages and also reduced the susceptibility of RBC to hemolysis. There was no effect of source of dietary VE on concentration of alpha-TOC in plasma, RBC, or liver, or on RBC hemolysis. Subcutaneous injection of 25 IU of d-alpha-TOC at Day 1 increased (P < 0.05) alpha-TOC concentration until 7 d of age. Also, d-alpha-TOC injection reduced (P < 0.05) RBC susceptibility to hemolysis through 21 d of age. Data showed that one single subcutaneous injection of 25 IU of d-alpha-TOC at 1 d of age was as effective as 80 IU or more of dietary VE through 21 d to improve the alpha-TOC status of poults.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Efficacy of Dietary and Injected Vitamin E for Poults

Soto-Salanova

Sell

1996

Poultry Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Throughout the supplementation period, the mean concentration of x03B1;-tocopherol was approximately twice as high in horses in group A as in horses in group B. This is in agreement with previous human and animal studies showing that the biological availability of natural vitamin E is roughly twice that of synthetic vitamin E (Hidiroglou and others 1988, 1997, Chung and others 1992, Waibel and others 1994, Anderson and others 1995, Acuff and others 1998, Mahan and others 2000). In order for dl-x03B1;-tocopheryl acetate to be utilised, the acetate moiety is hydrolysed by esterases in the gut lumen.…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

α‐tocopherol concentrations in equine serum and cerebrospinal fluid after vitamin E supplementation

Pusterla¹,

Puschner

Steidl³

et al. 2010

Veterinary Record

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ANIMAL and human studies have shown that the biological activity of vitamin E sources is dependent on their particular stereochemistry and chemical form (Ingold and others 1987, Ferslew and others 1993, Acuff and others 1994, Kiyose and others 1995. The two most common commercial sources of vitamin E are natural analogues (d-or RRR--tocopherol) and synthetic derivatives (dl-or allrac--tocopherol) with their corresponding stabilised acetate esters. Usually, synthetic vitamin sources are, for the most part, equal in efficacy and structure to the natural source of that vitamin; however, this is not the case for vitamin E (Burton and others 1998). The source of vitamin E with the highest biological activity is natural -tocopherol that has been isolated from seed oils. Synthetic vitamin E is made from petrochemicals. The difference between natural and synthetic vitamin E is their chemical structures. Natural vitamin E contains one isomer, RRR--tocopherol, which has eight different forms; these are -, β-, γ-and δ-tocopherols and -, β-, γ-and δ-tocotrienols. Many different tocopherol and tocotrienol derivatives have been synthesised, but these are most commonly based on racemic -tocopherol, which contains equimolar amounts of eight stereoisomers, with only one being identical to the natural RRR-isomer. Synthetic vitamin E contains equimolar amounts of eight stereoisomers, of which one is identical to the natural RRR-isomer. The body preferentially transports and incorporates the natural isomer, thereby making the bioavailability of synthetic vitamin E less than that of natural vitamin E (Acuff and others 1994, Burton and others 1998).The authors have recently shown that daily oral administration of 10,000 iu vitamin E as water-soluble, micellised d--tocopherol is able to cross the blood-brain barrier in healthy horses (Higgins and others 2008). This allows vitamin E to reach the target site (the brain and spinal cord), and to be potentially beneficial for horses with neurological diseases. However, natural vitamin E is relatively unstable. The purpose of this study was to assess whether oral administration of synthetic vitamin E or natural vitamin E to healthy horses can increase -tocopherol concentrations in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Concentrations of -tocopherol after daily oral administration of natural and synthetic vitamin E were assessed.Ten clinically healthy adult horses were enrolled in the study. Before the study commenced, they were evaluated for any signs of ill health or neurological abnormalities by means of a full physical examination and gait assessment. A complete blood count and a panel of biochemical tests were performed for each horse and all the results were within reference ranges. The horses were randomly assigned to one of two groups of five. Group A consisted of three geldings and two mares. Group B consisted of three mares and two geldings. The age of horses in both groups ranged from three to 11 years. Group A included two thoroughbreds, two quarter horses and one war...

show abstract

“…Increasing dietary VE from 12 to 100 lU/kg of diet increased aTOC in liver of turkeys of the same age as those used in the current trial (Soto-Salanova, 1991;Soto-Salanova et al, 1993). Other dietary concentrations of VE, ranging from 0 to 800 lU/kg, have been used with similar results in young turkeys (Csallany et al, 1988;Mallarino, 1992;Sell et al, 1994;Waibel et al, 1994;Applegate, 1995), chicks (Sheehy et al, 1991), pigs (Asghar et al, 1991a;Chung et al, 1992), and trout (Frigg et al, 1990;Furones et al, 1992).…”

Section: Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…This indicates that the response to the different sources of VE seems to be species dependent. Recently, Waibel et al (1994) compared the activity of miceilized d-aTOC, micellized dl-aTACT, and dl-aTACT in young turkeys as indicated by serum and liver storage levels of aTOC. These authors reported that both micellized forms, d-aTOC and dl-aTACT, showed equivalent biopotency at the levels used in the experiment (10 and 25 lU/kg of diet).…”

Section: Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the author's knowledge, there is very limited information, if any, on the parenteral adminstration of VE to chickens or turkeys. A recent study by Waibel et al (1994) compared the efficacy of adding a micellized form of d-aTOC in the feed or in the drinking water of turkeys from 1 to 26 d of age. These authors reported a greater increase in liver and plasma aTOC when micellized d-aTOC was supplemented in the water than when it was added in the diet.…”

Section: Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Vitamin E in young turkeys: a reassessment of the requirement

Soto-Salanova¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vitamin E Forms for Turkeys

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Efficacy of Dietary and Injected Vitamin E for Poults

Efficacy of Dietary and Injected Vitamin E for Poults

α‐tocopherol concentrations in equine serum and cerebrospinal fluid after vitamin E supplementation

Vitamin E in young turkeys: a reassessment of the requirement

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About