Vitamin E

Böhm, Volker

doi:10.3390/antiox7030044

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Vitamin E is a collection of optically active methylated phenolic compounds comprising four tocopherols and four tocotrienols [29] where α-tocopherol is the most common and biologically active species ( Figure 5) [30]. The structures feature two primary parts: a densely substituted polar chromanol aromatic ring and a lipophilic long polyprenyl side chain.…”

Section: Vitamin Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Nonenzymatic Exogenous and Endogenous Antioxidants

Moussa¹,

Judeh²,

Ahmed³

2020

Free Radical Medicine and Biology

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Nonenzymatic exogenous and endogenous antioxidants play an important role in human health and act as preservatives for cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food products. This chapter will discuss the chemical structure and mechanism of action of the most important nonenzymatic small exogenous and endogenous organic molecules that act as antioxidants. The chapter will focus on the structural features, functional groups, properties, biosynthetic origin, and mechanism of action of such antioxidants. It also covers damages that free radicals create and the mechanisms by which they are neutralized by the various antioxidants. The scope of this chapter will be limited to nonenzymatic exogenous and endogenous antioxidants since enzymatic antioxidants have been discussed extensively in several reviews.

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Section: Vitamin Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Nonenzymatic Exogenous and Endogenous Antioxidants

Moussa¹,

Judeh²,

Ahmed³

2020

Free Radical Medicine and Biology

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“…It has a powerful protection action against complications of various diseases due to its antioxidant role. 13 Lac-B, a lactic acid bacterium, is used for dairy and meat fermentation, also it can be used as a probiotic with favorable actions on gut and metabolic illnesses. 14 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin E and Lactobacillus Provide Protective Effects Against Liver Injury Induced by HgCl₂: Role of CHOP, GPR87, and mTOR Proteins

et al. 2021

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Background and Objective: Mercury is one of the most harmful heavy metals and its toxicity causes severe multi-organ dysfunction. This study was designed to explore novel molecular pathways involved in the hepatoprotective effect of vitamin E (Vit-E) and Lactobacillius plantarum (Lac-B) against mercury toxicity.[Formula: see text] Method: Acute hepatotoxicity was induced by administration of high dose of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) in male rats, Vit-E or/and Lac-B were given along with HgCl2 for 2 weeks. The effects of those antioxidants were studied focusing on their anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory eficacies. Histopathological examinations were also conducted. Results: The administration of HgCl2 induced liver injury which manifested by elevation in serum ALT and AST. Liver MDA, caspase-3 and TNF-α levels were markedly increased; whereas, GSH level and SOD activity were declined. HgCl2 significantly elevated the expressions of hepatic CHOP, GPR87, NF-κB and mTOR. Histopathological examination revealed massive hepatocyte degeneration following HgCl2 administration. Treatment with Vit-E or/and Lac-B restored the normal levels of the previously mentioned parameters, as well as improved hepatic architecture. Conclusion: Vit-E and Lac-B provided protective effect against HgCl2-induced hepatotoxicity via reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation, and downregulation of CHOP, GPR87, NF-κB and mTOR proteins’ expressions.

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“…This result deserves to be commented on as being deceptively obvious. The antioxidant activity of tocopherol is well known, and α-Toc is typically indicated, at least in vitro, as the more potent natural lipophilic natural antioxidant [ 46 , 47 ]. This is completely true when considering the chain breaking antioxidant activity, and the ability of tocopherols to react with peroxyl radicals (ROO*).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Role of Natural and Semi-Synthetic Tocopherols on TNFα-Induced ROS Production and ICAM-1 and Cl-2 Expression in HT29 Intestinal Epithelial Cells

et al. 2021

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Vitamin E, a fat-soluble compound, possesses both antioxidant and non-antioxidant properties. In this study we evaluated, in intestinal HT29 cells, the role of natural tocopherols, α-Toc and δ-Toc, and two semi-synthetic derivatives, namely bis-δ-Toc sulfide (δ-Toc)2S and bis-δ-Toc disulfide (δ-Toc)2S2, on TNFα-induced oxidative stress, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and claudin-2 (Cl-2) expression. The role of tocopherols was compared to that of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant precursor of glutathione synthesis. The results show that all tocopherol containing derivatives used, prevented TNFα-induced oxidative stress and the increase of ICAM-1 and Cl-2 expression, and that (δ-Toc)2S and (δ-Toc)2S2 are more effective than δ-Toc and α-Toc. The beneficial effects demonstrated were due to tocopherol antioxidant properties, but suppression of TNFα-induced Cl-2 expression seems not only to be related with antioxidant ability. Indeed, while ICAM-1 expression is strongly related to the intracellular redox state, Cl-2 expression is TNFα-up-regulated by both redox and non-redox dependent mechanisms. Since ICAM-1 and Cl-2 increase intestinal bowel diseases, and cause excessive recruitment of immune cells and alteration of the intestinal barrier, natural and, above all, semi-synthetic tocopherols may have a potential role as a therapeutic support against intestinal chronic inflammation, in which TNFα represents an important proinflammatory mediator.

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Vitamin E

Abstract: Vitamin E is the major lipid-soluble antioxidant in the cell antioxidant system and is exclusively obtained from the diet[...]

Cited by 22 publications

References 11 publications

Nonenzymatic Exogenous and Endogenous Antioxidants

Nonenzymatic Exogenous and Endogenous Antioxidants

Vitamin E and Lactobacillus Provide Protective Effects Against Liver Injury Induced by HgCl₂: Role of CHOP, GPR87, and mTOR Proteins

Protective Role of Natural and Semi-Synthetic Tocopherols on TNFα-Induced ROS Production and ICAM-1 and Cl-2 Expression in HT29 Intestinal Epithelial Cells

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Vitamin E

Abstract: Vitamin E is the major lipid-soluble antioxidant in the cell antioxidant system and is exclusively obtained from the diet[...]

Cited by 22 publications

References 11 publications

Nonenzymatic Exogenous and Endogenous Antioxidants

Nonenzymatic Exogenous and Endogenous Antioxidants

Vitamin E and Lactobacillus Provide Protective Effects Against Liver Injury Induced by HgCl2: Role of CHOP, GPR87, and mTOR Proteins

Protective Role of Natural and Semi-Synthetic Tocopherols on TNFα-Induced ROS Production and ICAM-1 and Cl-2 Expression in HT29 Intestinal Epithelial Cells

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Vitamin E and Lactobacillus Provide Protective Effects Against Liver Injury Induced by HgCl₂: Role of CHOP, GPR87, and mTOR Proteins