Vitamin E and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in the Women’s Health Study Randomized Controlled Trial

Liu, Simin; Lee, I-Min; Song, Yiqing; Denburgh, Martin Van; Cook, Nancy R.; Manson, JoAnn E.; Buring, Julie E.

doi:10.2337/db06-0456

Cited by 129 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The results of controlled trials do not support the hypothesis that antioxidants play a preventive role in the development of type 2 diabetes [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…In the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Trial, 124 participants supplemented with a natural source of vitamin E (400 IU; RRR-α-tocopheryl acetate, 294 mg) daily and 137 participants taking placebo reported incident diabetes during an average follow-up of 4.5 years (p=0.55) [8]. Recently the Women's Health Study reported that 827 incident cases of type 2 diabetes occurred in the vitamin E group (600 IU α-tocopherol every other day for 10 years) and 869 in the placebo group (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.87-1.05) [9]. In our study, supplementation with β-carotene had no effect on diabetes incidence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of α-tocopherol and β-carotene supplementation on the incidence of type 2 diabetes

Kataja-Tuomola¹,

Sundell²,

Männistö³

et al. 2007

Diabetologia

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Aims/hypothesis Type 2 diabetes is associated with reduced antioxidant defence. Only a few human studies have investigated the role of antioxidants in the pathogenesis of diabetes. This study aimed to examine whether α-tocopherol or β-carotene affected the occurrence of type 2 diabetes. Methods In the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study, a double-blind, controlled trial, 29,133 male smokers aged 50-69 years were randomised to receive either α-tocopherol (50 mg/day) or β-carotene (20 mg/day) or both agents or placebo daily for 5-8 years (median 6.1 years). Baseline serum samples were analysed for α-tocopherol and β-carotene using HPLC. Cases of diabetes were identified from a nationwide Finnish registry of patients receiving drug reimbursement for diabetes. Of 27,379 men without diabetes at baseline, 705 men were diagnosed with diabetes during the follow-up of up to 12.5 years. Results Baseline serum levels of α-tocopherol and β-carotene were not associated with the risk of diabetes in the placebo group: the relative risk (RR) between the highest and lowest quintiles of α-tocopherol was 1.59 (95% CI 0.89-2.84) and that for β-carotene was 0.66 (95% CI 0.40-1.10). Neither supplementation significantly affected the incidence of diabetes: the RR was 0.92 (95% CI 0.79-1.07) for participants receiving α-tocopherol compared with nonrecipients and 0.99 (95% CI 0.85-1.15) for participants receiving β-carotene compared with non-recipients. Conclusions/interpretation Neither α-tocopherol nor β-carotene supplementation prevented type 2 diabetes in male smokers. Serum levels of α-tocopherol and β-carotene were not associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes.ClinicalTrials.gov ID no. NCT00342992

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“…The results of controlled trials do not support the hypothesis that antioxidants play a preventive role in the development of type 2 diabetes [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of α-tocopherol and β-carotene supplementation on the incidence of type 2 diabetes

Kataja-Tuomola¹,

Sundell²,

Männistö³

et al. 2007

Diabetologia

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“…For example Lin et al (12) concluded that vitamin C, E and betacarotene supplementation has no benefits in the primary prevention of total cancer or cancer mortality. Likewise there are similar conclusions for various diseases including diabetes mellitus (122). A step ahead, there are numerous clinical and experimental studies and Cochrane metaanylysis or other statistically designed conclusions which suggest harmful effects of antioxidants in various diseases (123)(124)(125).…”

Section: Antioxidant Therapy and Supplementsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species and antioxidants in etiopathogenesis of diabetes mellitus type-2

Singh

Mahadi

Roy

et al. 2009

Indian J Clin Biochem

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Diabetes mellitus type-2 (DMT-2) is a hyperglycemic retinopathy and embryopathy) or a-vascular (cataract and glaucoma etc). It has been proposed that all these abnormal events are initiated or activated by a common mechanism of superoxide anion, which is accompanied with generation of a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen specie (RNS) and resultant heightened oxidative stress (OS). Provoked OS causes IR and altered gene expressions. Hyperglycemia induces OS through multiple routes : a)stimulated polyol pathway where in d 30% glucose can be diverted to sorbitol and fructose, b)increased transcription of genes for proinflammatory cytokines and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) c) activation of protein kinase-C (PKC) leading to several molecular changes d)increased synthesis of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) e)changes in a receptor far AGEs and f) autooxidation of

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“…The combination of vitamins C, E and b-carotene moderately reduced insulin resistance during an 8-week supplementation in overweight young adults (Vincent et al, 2009). However, controlled trials with high dosages of supplemental vitamin E and b-carotene have not shown decreased risk of type 2 diabetes (Liu et al, 1999(Liu et al, , 2006Lonn et al, 2002;Song et al, 2009). Also in the a-Tocopherol, b-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study there was no effect on diabetes risk by a-tocopherol and b-carotene supplementation (Kataja-Tuomola et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intake of antioxidants and risk of type 2 diabetes in a cohort of male smokers

et al. 2011

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Background/Objectives: Oxidative stress may induce insulin resistance in peripheral tissues and impair insulin secretion from pancreatic b-cells. Antioxidants are suggested to decrease the risk of diabetes through reduction of oxidative stress. However, only a few studies exist on dietary antioxidants and the risk of type 2 diabetes. We investigated the association of dietary antioxidants with incident type 2 diabetes in the a-Tocopherol, b-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study cohort. Subject/Methods: The study cohort included 29 133 male smokers aged 50-69 years. During a median follow-up of 10.2 years 660 incident cases of diabetes were observed among the 25 505 men with a completed baseline food frequency questionnaire. Results: Dietary a-tocopherol, b-tocopherol and b-tocotrienol were positively associated with the risk of diabetes when adjusted for age and supplementation (relative risk (RR) 1.17 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91-1.51) P for trend 0.02; RR 1.31 (95% CI 1.02-1.68) P for trend 0.01; RR 1.28 (95% CI 1.00-1.63) P for trend 0.01, respectively), but the association disappeared after multivariate adjustment (RR 0.92 (95% CI 0.71-1.19) P for trend 0.97; RR 1.06 (95% CI 0.82-1.36) P for trend 0.48; RR 1.04 (95% CI 0.80-1.35) P for trend 0.46, respectively). Other tocopherols and tocotrienols as well as vitamin C, carotenoids, flavonols and flavones had no association with risk of diabetes. Conclusions: Dietary antioxidants were not associated with a decreased risk of incident diabetes in middle-aged male smokers.

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Vitamin E and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in the Women’s Health Study Randomized Controlled Trial

Cited by 129 publications

References 44 publications

Effect of α-tocopherol and β-carotene supplementation on the incidence of type 2 diabetes

Effect of α-tocopherol and β-carotene supplementation on the incidence of type 2 diabetes

Reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species and antioxidants in etiopathogenesis of diabetes mellitus type-2

Intake of antioxidants and risk of type 2 diabetes in a cohort of male smokers

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