Vitamin E 80th Anniversary: A Double Life, Not Only Fighting Radicals

Ricciarelli, Roberta; Zingg, Jean‐Marc; Azzi, Angelo

doi:10.1080/15216540252774801

Cited by 28 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Several papers, by a number of research groups (e.g., [11,12,13,213]), emphasize that, beside the best known antioxidant effect, this compound is able to exert non-antioxidant actions (see above Vitamin E structure and functions), modulating signal transduction and gene expression. In particular, several enzymes involved in signal transduction might be directly or indirectly influenced by vitamin E [214,215,216,217,218]; and vitamin E actions on signal transduction might translate at the cellular level in the modulation of specific gene expression [214,216,217]. Evidence showing that vitamin E is able to modulate enzymes involved in signal transduction derives from studies on protein kinase C (PKC) [219,220], which is inhibited by α-T isoform [221].…”

Section: α-Tocopherol and Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

α-Tocopherol and Hippocampal Neural Plasticity in Physiological and Pathological Conditions

Ambrogini

Betti

Galati

et al. 2016

IJMS

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Neuroplasticity is an “umbrella term” referring to the complex, multifaceted physiological processes that mediate the ongoing structural and functional modifications occurring, at various time- and size-scales, in the ever-changing immature and adult brain, and that represent the basis for fundamental neurocognitive behavioral functions; in addition, maladaptive neuroplasticity plays a role in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric dysfunctions. Experiential cues and several endogenous and exogenous factors can regulate neuroplasticity; among these, vitamin E, and in particular α-tocopherol (α-T), the isoform with highest bioactivity, exerts potent effects on many plasticity-related events in both the physiological and pathological brain. In this review, the role of vitamin E/α-T in regulating diverse aspects of neuroplasticity is analyzed and discussed, focusing on the hippocampus, a brain structure that remains highly plastic throughout the lifespan and is involved in cognitive functions. Vitamin E-mediated influences on hippocampal synaptic plasticity and related cognitive behavior, on post-natal development and adult hippocampal neurogenesis, as well as on cellular and molecular disruptions in kainate-induced temporal seizures are described. Besides underscoring the relevance of its antioxidant properties, non-antioxidant functions of vitamin E/α-T, mainly involving regulation of cell signaling molecules and their target proteins, have been highlighted to help interpret the possible mechanisms underlying the effects on neuroplasticity.

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Section: α-Tocopherol and Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

α-Tocopherol and Hippocampal Neural Plasticity in Physiological and Pathological Conditions

Ambrogini

Betti

Galati

et al. 2016

IJMS

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“…Tocopherols have a saturated phytyl tail, whereas tocotrienols have an unsaturated phytyl tail. The individual isoforms of tocopherols and tocotrienols differ in the number and position of the methyl groups attached to the aromatic ring (10). The specific forms of vitamin E exhibit different biopotency; in the vitamin E group, α-tocopherol demonstrates the highest biological activity (11–12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of γ-tocotrienol in counteracting oxidative stress and joint damage in collagen-induced arthritis in rats

Radhakrishnan

Tudawe

Chakravarthi

et al. 2014

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Tocotrienols exhibit a significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect in numerous human diseases. However, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of tocotrienols in arthritic conditions are not well documented. Therefore, the effect of γ-tocotrienol supplementation against oxidative stress and joint pathology in collagen-induced arthritis in rats was investigated in the present study. Adult female Dark Agouti rats were randomly divided into groups: Control, γ-tocotrienol alone, arthritis alone and arthritis with γ-tocotrienol. Arthritis was induced using 4 mg/kg body weight collagen in complete Freund’s adjuvant. The rats were treated orally with 5 mg/kg body weight of γ-tocotrienol between day 21 and day 45. After 45 days, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total glutathione (GSH) assays were conducted. γ-tocotrienol significantly reduced the arthritis-induced changes in body weight, CRP, TNF-α, SOD and the total GSH levels. There was a significant reduction in the arthritis-induced histopathological changes in the γ-tocotrienol treatment group. The data indicated that administration of γ-tocotrienol resulted in a significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect on collagen-induced arthritis; therefore, γ-tocotrienol may have therapeutic potential as a long-term anti-arthritic agent in rheumatoid arthritis therapy.

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“…Afamin has been postulated to bind vitamin E in extravascular fluids (22). Vitamin E is an important antioxidant (23) and afamin seems to play a crucial role in oxidative stress-related anti-apoptotic cellular processes (24). Impaired glucose tolerance, hyperandrogenism and oxidative stress were shown to be strongly dependent on each other in PCOS patients (25, 26, 27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Afamin predicts gestational diabetes in polycystic ovary syndrome patients preconceptionally

Köninger

Iannaccone

Hajder

et al. 2019

Endocrine Connections

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Background Patients suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are often insulin resistant and at elevated risk for developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The aim of this study was to explore afamin, which can be determined preconceptionally to indicate patients who will subsequently develop GDM. Serum concentrations of afamin are altered in conditions of oxidative stress like insulin resistance (IR) and correlate with the gold standard of IR determination, the HOMA index. Methods Afamin serum concentrations and the HOMA index were analyzed post hoc in 63 PCOS patients with live births. Patients were treated at Essen University Hospital, Germany, between 2009 and 2018. Mann–Whitney U test, T test, Spearman’s correlation, linear regression models and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed for statistical analysis. Results Patients who developed GDM showed significantly higher HOMA and serum afamin values before their pregnancy (P < 0.001, respectively). ROCs for afamin concentrations showed an area under the curve of 0.78 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.65–0.90) and of 0.77 (95% CI 0.64–0.89) for the HOMA index. An afamin threshold of 88.6 mg/L distinguished between women who will develop GDM and those who will not with a sensitivity of 79.3% and a specificity of 79.4%. A HOMA index of 2.5 showed a sensitivity of 65.5% and a specificity of 88.2%. Conclusion The HOMA index and its surrogate parameter afamin are able to identify pre-pregnant PCOS patients who are at risk to develop GDM. Serum afamin concentrations are independent of fasting status and therefore an easily determinable biomarker.

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Vitamin E 80th Anniversary: A Double Life, Not Only Fighting Radicals

Abstract: SummaryRecent research on ®-tocopherol has revealed speci c cellular functions of this compound belonging to the vitamin E family. ®-Tocopherol

Cited by 28 publications

References 54 publications

α-Tocopherol and Hippocampal Neural Plasticity in Physiological and Pathological Conditions

α-Tocopherol and Hippocampal Neural Plasticity in Physiological and Pathological Conditions

Effect of γ-tocotrienol in counteracting oxidative stress and joint damage in collagen-induced arthritis in rats

Afamin predicts gestational diabetes in polycystic ovary syndrome patients preconceptionally

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