Vitamin D3 Treatment Alters Thyroid Functional Morphology in Orchidectomized Rat Model of Osteoporosis

Abstract

Vitamin D plays an essential role in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Thyroid hormones, in addition to vitamin D, significantly contribute to regulation of bone remodeling cycle and health. There is currently no data about a possible connection between vitamin D treatment and the thyroid in the context of osteoporosis. Middle-aged Wistar rats were divided into: sham operated (SO), orchidectomized (Orx), and cholecalciferol-treated orchidectomized (Orx + Vit. D3; 5 µg/kg b.m./day during three weeks) groups (n = 6/group). Concentration of 25(OH)D in serum of the Orx + Vit. D3 group increased 4 and 3.2 times (p < 0.0001) respectively, compared to Orx and SO group. T4, TSH, and calcitonin in serum remained unaltered. Vit. D3 treatment induced changes in thyroid functional morphology that indicate increased utilization of stored colloid and release of thyroid hormones in comparison with hormone synthesis, to maintain hormonal balance. Increased expression of nuclear VDR (p < 0.05) points to direct, TSH independent action of Vit. D on thyrocytes. Strong CYP24A1 immunostaining in C cells suggests its prominent expression in response to Vit. D in this cell subpopulation in orchidectomized rat model of osteoporosis. The indirect effect of Vit. D on bone, through fine regulation of thyroid function, is small.

Vitamin D improves hepatic steatosis in NAFLD via regulation of fatty acid uptake and β-oxidation

“…HFD is a well-established modeling method, which can lead to the development of metabolic syndrome, hepatic steatosis, and NASH in experimental animals ( 78 ). The duration of dietary intake and VD treatment in previous studies ranges from 10 weeks to 22 weeks and 3 weeks to 10 weeks, respectively, thus impacting the severity of NAFLD and effect of treatment ( 56 , 79 – 81 ). In the present study, rats were fed with an HFD for 14 weeks, and the NAFLD model was determined by sacrifice at Week 7.…”

Differences in Cholesterol Metabolism, Hepato-Intestinal Aging, and Hepatic Endocrine Milieu in Rats as Affected by the Sex and Age

“…For liver immunohistochemistry, the procedure was applied exactly as previously reported [ 59 ]. Rabbit antiserum directed against CYP27A1 (1:100; Abcam, Cambridge, UK) was applied overnight at 4 °C.…”

“…For the quantification of the DAB IHC signal, we used Windows-based ImageJ Fiji software (ImageJ, Version 1.49j) with the open-source plugin IHC profiler [ 60 ], exactly as previously reported [ 59 ]. Optical density (OD) was calculated as OD = log (max intensity/mean intensity).…”

“…For liver immunohistochemistry, the procedure was applied exactly as previously reported [59]. Rabbit antiserum directed against CYP27A1 (1:100; Abcam, Cambridge, UK) was applied overnight at 4 • C. For immunodetection, a VECTASTAIN ® ABC (Rabbit IgG; Vector Laboratories, Newark, CA, USA) kit the biotin/avidin system was used according to the suggested procedure.…”

Effect of Vitamin D3 on Hormonal and Histological Changes in Thyroid Gland Caused by Hyperprolactinemia of Male laboratory Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

“…Vitamin D can be obtained from some foodstuffs in fatty. 9 There is a major role for vitamin D in treating hypothyroidism and restoring hyperplasia to normal and it has a role in restoring the normal levels of T3 and T4 hormones. 10 © 2023 the authors.…”