Vitamin D3 prevents the increase in ectonucleotidase activities and ameliorates lipid profile in type 1 diabetic rats

Abstract

This study was designed to assess the potential effect of vitamin D3 (VD3) in avoiding atherothrombosis by modulation of lipid metabolism and platelet activation in type 1 diabetic rats. Male wistar rats were divided into eight groups (n = 5-10): Control/Saline (Sal); Control/Metformin 500 mg/kg (Metf); Control/Vitamin D3 90 µg/kg (VD3); Control/Metformin 500 mg/kg + VD3 90 µg/kg (Metf + VD3); Diabetic/Saline (Sal); Diabetic/Metformin 500 mg/kg (Metf); Diabetic/Vitamin D3 90 µg/kg (VD3); Diabetic/Metformin 500 mg/kg + VD3 90 µg/kg (Metf + VD3). Treatments were administered during 30 days after diabetes induction with streptozotocin (STZ). After 31 days, the rats were euthanized and blood was collected and separated into serum and platelets, both used for lipid profile and ectonucleotidase activity assays, respectively. Ectonucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase (E-NTPDase), ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (E-NPP), and 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase (E-ADA) were significantly higher in the Diabetic than in Control group. Treatment with Metf and/or VD3 prevented the increase in NTPDase and E-NPP activities in diabetic rats. Only Metf + VD3 significantly prevented the increase in 5'-nucleotidase. VD3 alone, but not Metf, prevented the increase in ADA activity when compared to saline-treated diabetic rats. Treatment of rats with VD3, Metf, and Metf + VD3 was also effective in the prevention of lipid metabolism disorder in diabetic and was able to ameliorate lipid metabolism in non-diabetic rats. These results provide evidence for the potential of Metf and VD3 in the treatment of platelet dysfunction and lipid metabolism impairment in T1D, which may be important in the control and prevention of atherothrombosis in diabetes.

Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism change ectoenzyme activity in rat platelets

“…Some studies have demonstrated that activity of this enzyme is modified in several diseases, 21,41 suggesting that an increase may be observed as the body attempts to compensate for damage, and produces more AMP, which could be a molecule with protective function besides being available for hydrolysis into adenosine. 42,43 Moreover, its altered activity could be an indicator of disease stage or severity.…”

Cholecalciferol Effects on Lipid Profile of Experimental Animals: A Scoping Review

“…The same study also reported that cholecalciferol administration ameliorated lipid metabolism in healthy non-diabetic rats. (Calgaroto et al, 2015). Similarly, Aon et al (2021) documented lower serum vitamin D3 in the type 2 diabetes mellitus with cardiovascular disease group.…”

“…Most of the studies reported a significant decrease in lipid parameters, whether it is total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (10,13,14,15,16,17,19). Cholecalciferol supplementation was reported to impair lipid metabolism, which resulted in a significant decrease of LDL-c (P<0.0001) and triglycerides (P=0.001) by 140 and 74%, respectively, along with a decrease in HCL-c (P=0.00002) by 18% in saline-treated diabetic rats (Calgaroto et al, 2015). Another study plotted plasma and liver cholesterol levels against plasma 1,25(OH2)D3 and liver concentration, which showed an inverse correlation.…”