Vitamin D3 in fat tissue

Blum, Miriam; Dolnikowski, Gregory G.; Seyoum, Elias; Harris, Susan S.; Booth, Sarah L.; Peterson, James W.; Saltzman, Edward; Dawson‐Hughes, Bess

doi:10.1007/s12020-008-9051-4

Cited by 337 publications

(286 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Similar findings were reported by others after diet and/or exerciseinduced weight loss. 9,10,12 These findings are in agreement with the hypothesis that VD is being stored in the AT 24,26 and confirm previous data on how plasma 25OHD depends on the volume of distribution. 23 The increase in 25OHD fits very well with the observed increased expression of the degrading enzyme, the 24-hydroxylase CYP24A1, as CYP24A1 expression is induced by 1,25-OH 2 D. 36,37 As CYP24A1 degrades both 25OHD and 1,25(OH) 2 D, these findings suggest a higher turnover of both 25OHD and 1,25(OH) 2 D following weight loss.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Expression of vitamin D-metabolizing enzymes in human adipose tissue—the effect of obesity and diet-induced weight loss

et al. 2012

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OBJECTIVE: Low vitamin D (VD) levels are common in obesity. We hypothesized that this may be due to metabolism of VD in adipose tissue (AT). Thus, we studied (1) whether the VD-metabolizing enzymes were expressed differently in AT of lean and obese individuals and in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and (2) whether their expression was influenced by weight loss. METHODS: Samples of SAT and VAT were analyzed for expression of the vitamin-D-25-hydroxylases CYP2R1, CYP2J2, CYP27A1 and CYP3A4, the 25-vitamin-D-1a-hydroxylase CYP27B1, the catabolic vitamin-D-24-hydroxylase CYP24A1, and the vitamin D receptor, using reverse transcriptase-PCR. Moreover, plasma 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25OHD) level was measured and related to the expression of these enzymes. Samples of SAT and VAT from 20 lean women and 20 obese women, and samples of SAT from 17 obese subjects before and after a 10% weight loss were analyzed. RESULTS: A plasma 25OHD level o50 nmol l À 1 was highly prevalent in both lean (45%) and obese (90%) women (Po0.01). Plasma 25OHD increased by 27% after weight loss in the obese individuals (Po0.05). Expression levels of the 25-hydroxylase CYP2J2 and the 1a-hydroxylase CYP27B1 were decreased by 71% (Po0.0001) and 49% (Po0.05), respectively, in SAT of the obese. CYP24A1 did not differ between lean and obese women, but the expression was increased by 79% (Po0.05) after weight loss. CONCLUSION: Obesity is characterized by a decreased expression of the 25-hydroxylase CYP2J2 and the 1a-hydroxylase CYP27B1 in SAT, whereas the catabolic CYP24A1 does not differ between lean and obese women. However, the expression of CYP24A1 is increased after weight loss. Accordingly, AT has the capacity to metabolize VD locally, and this can be dynamically altered during obesity and weight loss. INTRODUCTIONLow levels of circulating 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25OHD) are associated with increased fat mass and body mass index, 1-5 but the underlying mechanism for this association is not fully elucidated. 6 Vitamin D (VD) is stored in adipose tissue (AT), and release of VD from AT is proposed to serve as an endogenous source of VD during the winter, when cutaneous production is low or absent in several parts of the world. 7 As low circulating levels of 25OHD are common in association with the obese state, 8 several studies have examined the effect of weight loss on circulating levels of 25OHD. However, results are inconsistent. After diet-and exercise-induced weight loss, both increased 9-11 and unaltered 12,13 circulating levels of 25OHD have been reported. Likewise, after major weight loss by bariatric surgery, both temporary 14-16 and long-term increases [16][17][18] in circulating levels of 25OHD have been reported, along with reports of no changes one year after surgery. 13,19 Taken together, these findings indicate that body weight is an important factor for circulating 25OHD levels. Several other explanations for the low levels of 25OHD in obesity have been proposed: a decreased exposure to sun light, 20 ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…[24][25][26][27] 25-Hydroxyvitamin D is the dominant circulating form of VD, and the best indicator of VD status. 8 The formation, activation and catabolism of 25OHD is a complex process, which involves the mitochondrial and microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of vitamin D-metabolizing enzymes in human adipose tissue—the effect of obesity and diet-induced weight loss

et al. 2012

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“…Even in individuals who are not obese, body size and adiposity are inversely associated with blood 25(OH)D concentrations (37,49). It has been shown that concentrations of 25(OH)D 3 in biopsies of subcutaneous fat tissue from obese men and women were inversely related to the degree of overweight and positively to the concentrations of circulating 25(OH)D 3 (50). The positive association of serum and subcutaneous fat tissue vitamin D 3 concentrations is compatible with the long-standing concept that adipose tissue is a storage site for vitamin D (51).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low 25(OH)D3 levels are associated with total adiposity, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension in Caucasian children and adolescents

Pacifico

Anania

Osborn

et al. 2011

European Journal of Endocrinology

161

122

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Objectives: Evidence of the association between vitamin D and cardiovascular risk factors in the young is limited. We therefore assessed the relationships between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 (25(OH)D 3 ) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), its components, and early atherosclerotic changes in 452 (304 overweight/obese and 148 healthy, normal weight) Caucasian children. Methods: We determined serum 25(OH)D 3 concentrations in relation to MetS, its components (central obesity, hypertension, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, glucose impairment, and/or insulin resistance (IR)), and impairment of flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) and increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) -two markers of subclinical atherosclerosis. Results: Higher 25(OH)D 3 was significantly associated with a reduced presence of MetS. Obesity, central obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterol, IR, and MetS were all associated with increased odds of having low 25(OH)D 3 levels, after adjustment for age, sex, and Tanner stage. After additional adjustment for SDS-body mass index, elevated blood pressure (BP) and MetS remained significantly associated with low vitamin D status. The adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for those in the lowest (!17 ng/ml) compared with the highest tertile (O27 ng/ml) of 25(OH)D 3 for hypertension was 1.72 (1.02-2.92), and for MetS, it was 2.30 (1.20-4.40). A similar pattern of association between 25(OH)D 3 , high BP, and MetS was observed when models were adjusted for waist circumference. No correlation was found between 25(OH)D 3 concentrations and either FMD or cIMT. Conclusions: Low 25(OH)D 3 levels in Caucasian children are inversely related to total adiposity, MetS, and hypertension.

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“…2 In India more than 90% of apparently healthy Indians have subnormal 25(OH) D levels. [3][4][5][6] The endocrine society suggests that serum levels of 25 [OH] D less than 20 ng/ml as deficiency and levels between 21-29 ng/mL as insufficiency, while levels of 25[OH] D above 30 ng/mL are optimum levels of the vitamin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of efficacy of a nanoparticle based vitamin D formulation in correction of vitamin D levels in patients with documented deficiency or insufficiency of vitamin D

Manek¹

2017

Int J Res Orthop

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INTRODUCTIONVitamin D deficiency has been proposed to contribute to the development of various diseases.1 It has been estimated that one billion people worldwide have Vitamin D deficiency. 2 In India more than 90% of apparently healthy Indians have subnormal 25(OH) D levels. [3][4][5][6] The endocrine society suggests that serum levels of 25 [OH] D less than 20 ng/ml as deficiency and levels between 21-29 ng/mL as insufficiency, while levels of 25[OH] D above 30 ng/mL are optimum levels of the vitamin. 7Sunlight is known to be the primary source of vitamin D and its production in the skin depends on exposure to sunshine, latitude, skin-covering clothes, the use of sunscreen lotions and skin pigmentation in healthy individuals. The status of vitamin D depends on the Patients who have received treatment for at least 4 weeks' period (n=38), the improvement (serum 25[OH] D >30 ng/ml) was seen in 84.2% patients (n=32) at the end of 4 weeks itself. There is significant increased (<0.0001) in the physical component scores of the SF-12 QOL questionnaire after 8 weeks of therapy. Conclusions: Nanoparticle based formulation of vitamin D 3 is effective and safe in correction of vitamin D levels in patients with documented deficiency or insufficiency of vitamin D. Also the safety and tolerability is well accepted and reported good to excellent by patients and physician.

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Vitamin D3 in fat tissue

Cited by 337 publications

References 15 publications

Expression of vitamin D-metabolizing enzymes in human adipose tissue—the effect of obesity and diet-induced weight loss

Expression of vitamin D-metabolizing enzymes in human adipose tissue—the effect of obesity and diet-induced weight loss

Low 25(OH)D3 levels are associated with total adiposity, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension in Caucasian children and adolescents

Evaluation of efficacy of a nanoparticle based vitamin D formulation in correction of vitamin D levels in patients with documented deficiency or insufficiency of vitamin D

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