Vitamin D status of the Russian adult population from 2013 to 2018

Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency is widespread globally, however available data for the Russian adult population is fragmented. This cross-sectional study used secondary data for individuals undergoing testing for vitamin D concentrations from 2013 to 2018 by InVitro laboratory. 25(OH)D serum concentration was determined using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. The mean, median, and proportion with severe, deficient, insufficient and sufficient 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were estimated. Splines examined the effect of latitude on 25(OH)D concentrations. Data were available for 30,040 subjects age ≥ 18 years. 24.2% of the sampled population had sufficient (30–< 150 25(OH)D ng/mL), 34% deficient (10–19.9 ng/mL) and 5.6% severely deficient (< 10 ng/mL) status. Average 25(OH)D concentrations were highest among 30–44 years and lowest amongst older adults; females had modestly higher values. Concentrations were 15% higher in fall/summer vs. winter/spring. A non-linear relationship was observed by latitude; the highest 25(OH)D concentrations were observed near 54°N, decreasing at more southern latitudes for women and more northern latitudes for both sexes. These results are comparable to other Northern European publications and limited Russian samples demonstrating low concentrations. Acknowledging that nationally-representative and randomly sampled data are needed, the present data suggest the burden may be high and identifies some population sub-groups and geographic areas with a higher potential deficiency of vitamin D.

Evaluation of the deficiency status of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D and associated factors in Southwest China: A hospital‐based retrospective cross‐sectional analysis of a low‐latitude, high‐altitude, multiracial region

“…Increased outdoor activity and underuse of sunscreen by males might partly contribute to this difference. Similarly, an obvious seasonal variation in levels of vitamin D was observed, which is in accordance with that reported by several previous studies in China (Guo et al., 2018; He et al., 2020; Hu et al., 2022; Liu et al., 2022) and studies in other countries (Ganie et al., 2022; Smirnova et al., 2022; Van Schoor & Lips, 2017). Vitamin D levels and sufficiency rates were higher in summer and autumn than in spring and winter.…”

“…Furthermore, in the United States and Canada, vitamin D deficiency status remains common even with the implementation of fortification strategies (G and Gupta, 2014). The results from other countries, such as Switzerland (Rabufetti et al., 2019), Saudi Arabia (Bushnaq et al., 2022), Armenia (Hutchings et al., 2022), India (Ganie et al., 2022), Russia (Smirnova et al., 2022) and Pakistan (Arshad & Zaidi, 2022), also revealed widespread vitamin D deficiency.…”

Association between vitamin D status, physical performance, sex, and lifestyle factors: a cross-sectional study of community-dwelling Kosovar adults aged 40 years and older

“…However, it has been shown [ 39 ] that studies providing plausible data on vitamin D status data are lacking for almost two-thirds of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Some of these countries reported very high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, such as 80.1% and 99.6% (< 50 nmol/L and < 75 nmol/L, respectively) in Mongolian women (46.8°N, winter season) [ 40 ], 53.5% in Pakistani men and women combined (< 50 nmol/L, 34.0°N, all seasons) [ 41 ], 54.1% in Iranian women and 46% in men (< 50 nmol/L, 32.4°N, [ 42 ]), and 40.8% in Russian men and women (< 50 nmol/L, 61.5°N, all seasons) [ 43 ].…”