Vitamin D status influences cytokine production and MALAT1 expression from the PBMCs of patients with coronary artery disease and healthy controls

Abstract

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (lncRNA MALAT1) expression and its role in cytokine production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and non-CAD participants (NCAD). METHODS: Blood samples were taken from 15 patients with CAD and 15 NCAD individuals. The plasma was used for biochemical analyses. MALAT1 and CD36 expressions were evaluated in the isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by real-time PCR. Furthermore, the levels of inflammatory cytokines e.g. interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and IL-22 were measured in the supernatants of the cultured PBMCs by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The levels of MALAT1 and CD36 were not significantly different between the CAD and NCAD groups. However, a lower level of MALAT1 and CD36 was observed in PBMCs of vitamin D deficient (<15 ng/ml) CAD and NCAD participants. Furthermore, the vitamin D deficient (<15 ng/ml) group showed a significantly higher plasma level of IL-6, IL-10, and IL-22 compared to the non-deficient (≥15 ng/ml) group. In addition, significant positive correlations were found between CD36, IL-22, and fasting blood sugar (FBS) with MALAT1. CONCLUSION: Given that in vitamin D deficient individuals a decreased level of MALAT1 was associated with CD36 expression and increased IL-22 production, vitamin D supplementation may play a role in reducing MALAT1/CD36/IL-22 mediated complications such as T2DM and CAD, especially in vitamin D deficiency.

Association between Inflammatory Factors, Vitamin D, Long Non‐Coding RNAs, MALAT1, and Adiponectin Antisense in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome

“…According to a recent study that examined the relationship between vitamin D and MALAT1 expression in PBMCs of vitamin D deficient participants, it was found to be significantly lower than that of non‐deficient participants. [ 42 ] The molecular mechanisms underlying the association between MALAT1 and vitamin D expression are not well understood; however, the anti‐inflammatory effect of 25 (OH) D could be a determining factor. Some studies have described the relationship between MALAT1 and inflammation.…”

Double blind control trial of vitamin D fortified milk on the expression of lncRNAs and adiponectin for patients with metabolic syndrome

“…However, its deletion had no stimulatory or inhibitory effects on diet-induced adipose tissue gain and lipid homeostasis in obese mice [ 37 ], and The mechanism of MALAT1 in inflammation related to vitamin D remains unknown [ 34 ]. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to increased MALAT1 expression in patients with coronary heart disease, and vitamin D intake may be associated with modulation of the expression of this inflammatory lncRNA in those patients [ 29 ].…”

“…Vitamin D receptor acts as a regulator of MALAT1 gene expression [ 26 , 28 ]. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to elevated MALAT1 expression in patients with coronary heart disease, and vitamin D intake may be associated with modulation of this inflammatory lncRNA's expression in those patients [ 29 ].…”

Association of Long Non-Coding RNA Malat1 with Serum Levels of Interleukin-1 Beta and Vitamin D in Patients with Ischemic Stroke

“…The protective roles of lncRNA Malat1 in cerebrovascular diseases have been reported through activating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) [50] via inhibition of pro-apoptotic or pro-inflammatory factors [51,52]. Nowrouzi et alreported a significant decrease in the level of Malat1 and CD36 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of participants with vitamin D deficiency which was accompanied by a significantly higher plasma level of IL-6, IL-10, and IL-22 [53].…”