Vitamin D status in adolescents and young adults with HIV infection

Stephensen, Charles B.; Marquis, Grace S; Kruzich, L.; Douglas, Steven D.; Aldrovandi, Grace M.; Wilson, Craig M.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/83.5.1135

Cited by 82 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A lack of macronutrients has been associated with an increasing number of clinical manifestations and a rise in Aids-related mortality (1,11). Furthermore, studies have also revealed how the beneficial effects of being well-nourished with the necessary vitamin supplements can lead to an improvement in the immune systems of HIV-positive patients (11,12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before the advent of antibiotics, vitamin D was used in the treatment of bacterial infections (11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Many in vitro experiments confirm the action of its active form, 1,25(OH) 2 D, as a potent modulator of the immune system as well as its important role in calcium homeostasis.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In addition, in vivo, a lack of vitamin D is associated with macrophage dysfunction and bacterial infection (11,13). Despite these advances, much remains to be clarified regarding the role of vitamin D in HIV infection and how its deficiency may affect the progression of the disease (11)(12)(13). Low levels of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism have been associated with low CD4, immune activity and the progression of Aids (11,13,16).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Vitamin D deficiency in HIV-infected individuals: one more risk factor for bone loss and cardiovascular disease?

Conrado

Miranda-Filho

Bandeira³

2010

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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SummaryThe epidemiological profile of the HIV virus has undergone substantial modifications with advances in antiretroviral therapy. There has been a sharp decline in morbi-mortality levels of HIVinfected patients, which has resulted in higher survival rates. The HIV seropositive population is living longer and more exposed to chronic complications caused by the disease itself and the prolonged use of antiretrovirals. Initially, metabolic alterations were reported, increasing cardiovascular disease risk. Subsequently, damage on bone metabolism was related. SumárioO perfil epidemiológico da infecção pelo vírus HIV vem sofrendo grandes modificações com os avanços na terapia antirretroviral. Houve uma queda expressiva na morbi-mortalidade do paciente infectado pelo HIV e, por conseguinte, aumento da sobrevida. A população soropositiva está envelhecendo e mais exposta às complicações da cronificação da doença e ao uso prolongado dos antirretrovirais. Inicialmente foram descritas alterações metabólicas que contribuem para um aumento no risco de doença cardiovascular. Em seguida, surgiram relatos de danos ao metabolismo ósseo. A deficiência de vitamina D tem atingido proporções epidêmicas envolvendo até mesmo indivíduos saudáveis em regiões tropicais. Dados recentes sugerem sua associação com síndrome metabólica, doenças imunes, diabetes e hipertensão. A doença HIV/Aids e a ação dos antirretrovirais no metabolismo da vitamina D ainda permanecem pouco conhecidas. Em pacientes HIV positivos, fatores ligados ao próprio vírus e ao uso dos antirretrovirais podem estar adicionados às demais causas de hipovitaminose D. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2010;54(2):118-22

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Vitamin D deficiency in HIV-infected individuals: one more risk factor for bone loss and cardiovascular disease?

Conrado

Miranda-Filho

Bandeira³

2010

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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“…Of the remaining (43 papers), 30 articles reported original data with the pre-specified 25OHD cut-off values and were included in the review (Table 1). 6,[8][9][10]60 One study describing the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in a subgroup of 21 patients with hypocalcemia and ten articles reporting 25OHD status with different cut-off levels were considered only to retrieve information about predictors of vitamin D status, 7,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57] and two duplicate publications were reviewed for additional data not presented in the original study. 42,58,59 Studies' characteristics…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27,31,41 Considering other HIV-related risk factors, patchy correlations were found between HIV viral load, duration of ART, duration of HIV, plasma neopterin, or soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor I and vitamin D deficiency. 6,8,9,23,25,28,37,52,54,57 Adverse health outcomes related to vitamin D deficiency in HIV-infected patients Very few studies investigated the detrimental effects of vitamin D deficiency on health outcomes other than bone diseases in HIV+. They were primarily cross-sectional correlation analyses, and it was therefore not possible to establish a cause-effect relationship.…”

Section: Vitamin D Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D deficiency in HIV-infected patients: a systematic review

Giusti¹,

Penco²,

Pioli³

2011

NDS

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Advances in the diagnosis and management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have resulted in a dramatic decrease in mortality in HIV-infected individuals (HIV+). The subsequent increase in life expectancy of HIV+ has led to the need to consider the long-term complications of the disease and its treatment. Abnormalities in vitamin D status and metabolism are increasingly recognized as a major concern in HIV infection. In the last 5 years a number of cross-sectional and prospective studies have suggested a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in HIV+. Although few case-control studies have been published, it has been suggested that the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in HIV+ is higher than in the general population, and at least in part, is related to the course of the disease and/or the antiretroviral drugs used to treat the disease. An adequate vitamin D status is important not only for bone tissue, but also for the global health status of HIV+ individuals, since a growing body of evidence has demonstrated the detrimental effects of vitamin D deficiency on multiple health outcomes. Therefore, definition of the size of the problem and identification of effective protocols for the prevention and management of vitamin D deficiency in HIV+ patients represent important steps in improving health status and reducing long-term chronic complications in individuals with HIV. Due to its immunomodulatory effects, vitamin D may also have implications in the progression of HIV infection. This systematic review was designed to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in HIV+ patients; to identify risk factors (related to the HIV infection or not) potentially associated with this condition; to describe the potential consequences of hypovitaminosis D on the course of the infection and the benefits of vitamin D repletion; and to make some suggestions about the future, considering the limitations of previous studies.

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Healthy Eating, Prevention and Management of Obesity and Long‐Term Complications in Children

Lanigan¹

2010

Nutrition and HIV

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Vitamin D status in adolescents and young adults with HIV infection

Abstract: HIV infection did not influence vitamin D status. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative REACH subjects was high, perhaps because these disadvantaged, largely urban youth have limited sun exposure.

Cited by 82 publications

References 23 publications

Vitamin D deficiency in HIV-infected individuals: one more risk factor for bone loss and cardiovascular disease?

Vitamin D deficiency in HIV-infected individuals: one more risk factor for bone loss and cardiovascular disease?

Vitamin D deficiency in HIV-infected patients: a systematic review

Healthy Eating, Prevention and Management of Obesity and Long‐Term Complications in Children

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