Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms and Cancer

Gnagnarella, Patrizia; Raimondi, Sara; Aristarco, Valentina; Johansson, Harriet; Bellerba, Federica; Corso, Federica; Gandini, Sara

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46227-7_4

Cited by 46 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 191 publications

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“…Moreover, another aspect to be considered is vitamin D receptor polymorphism, which could explain the different activity of VDS. There are several reports linking vitamin D receptor genotype with cancer risk and mortality, which could explain the variability in the effect of VDS [ 49 ]. Therefore, further studies should aim at evaluating not only the effect of vitamin D, but its activity in cancer risk reduction according to the patient’s receptors polymorphisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Supplementation and Cancer Mortality: Narrative Review of Observational Studies and Clinical Trials

Gnagnarella

Muzio

Caini³

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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Several studies have investigated the beneficial effects of vitamin D on survival of cancer patients. Overall evidence has been accumulating with contrasting results. This paper aims at narratively reviewing the existing articles examining the link between vitamin D supplementation and cancer mortality. We performed two distinct searches to identify observational (ObS) studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of vitamin D supplementation (VDS) in cancer patients and cohorts of general population, which included cancer mortality as an outcome. Published reports were gathered until March 2021. We identified 25 papers published between 2003 and 2020, including n. 8 RCTs on cancer patients, n. 8 population RCTs and n. 9 ObS studies. There was some evidence that the use of VDS in cancer patients could improve cancer survival, but no significant effect was found in population RCTs. Some ObS studies reported evidence that VDS was associated with a longer survival among cancer patients, and only one study found an opposite effect. The findings do not allow conclusive answers. VDS may have the potential as treatment to improve survival in cancer patients, but further investigations are warranted. We strongly support investment in well-designed and sufficiently powered RCTs to fully evaluate this association.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Supplementation and Cancer Mortality: Narrative Review of Observational Studies and Clinical Trials

Gnagnarella

Muzio

Caini³

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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“…Our recent meta-analyses on VDR polymorphisms and cancer risk showed very heterogeneous results; in particular, TaqI and BsmI SNP and breast cancer did not show an overall significant correlation [ 31 ]. Data on vitamin D metabolism are more consistent on disease prognosis rather than cancer risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Vitamin D Receptor and Vitamin D-Binding Protein Polymorphisms with Familial Breast Cancer Prognosis in a Mono-Institutional Cohort

et al. 2021

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Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) has been associated with an increased cancer incidence and poorer prognosis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of vitamin D receptor (VDR) and vitamin D binding protein (GC gene) may interfere with vitamin D activity. This study assesses the role of VDR and GC SNPs on breast cancer (BC) recurrence and survival in a cohort of patients with a family history of breast cancer, without the pathogenic variant for BRCA1 and BRCA2. A consecutive series of patients who underwent genetic testing were genotyped for VDR and GC genes. Specifically, ApaI, FokI, TaqI, BsmI and rs2282679, rs4588, rs7041 SNPs were determined. A total of 368 wild type (WT) patients with BC were analyzed for VDR and GC SNPs. The GC rs2282679 minor allele was significantly associated with luminal subtype of the primary tumor compared to Her2+/TN breast cancer (p = 0.007). Multivariate Cox models showed that BmsI and TaqI are significantly associated with BC outcome. Patients with the major alleles showed more than 30% lower hazard of relapse (BsmI p = 0.02 and TaqI p = 0.03). Our study supports the evidence for a pivotal role of 25OHD metabolism in BC. GC SNPs may influence the hormone tumor responsiveness and VDR may affect tumor prognosis.

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“…Although epidemiological reports on vitamin D have previously shown that it is effective in preventing diseases such as Met-S and cancer, the mechanism of this effect was unclear [41,42]. Asano et al focused on the SREBP-1c, a transcription factor that is one of the most important factors for lipid synthesis, and newly discovered that vitamin D metabolites regulate the activity of SREBP-1c [43].…”

Section: Met-s Sarcopenia and Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Syndrome and Sarcopenia

et al. 2021

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Skeletal muscle is a major organ of insulin-induced glucose metabolism. In addition, loss of muscle mass is closely linked to insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (Met-S). Skeletal muscle loss and accumulation of intramuscular fat are associated with a variety of pathologies through a combination of factors, including oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, mitochondrial dysfunction, IR, and inactivity. Sarcopenia, defined by a loss of muscle mass and a decline in muscle quality and muscle function, is common in the elderly and is also often seen in patients with acute or chronic muscle-wasting diseases. The relationship between Met-S and sarcopenia has been attracting a great deal of attention these days. Persistent inflammation, fat deposition, and IR are thought to play a complex role in the association between Met-S and sarcopenia. Met-S and sarcopenia adversely affect QOL and contribute to increased frailty, weakness, dependence, and morbidity and mortality. Patients with Met-S and sarcopenia at the same time have a higher risk of several adverse health events than those with either Met-S or sarcopenia. Met-S can also be associated with sarcopenic obesity. In this review, the relationship between Met-S and sarcopenia will be outlined from the viewpoints of molecular mechanism and clinical impact.

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Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms and Cancer

Cited by 46 publications

References 191 publications

Vitamin D Supplementation and Cancer Mortality: Narrative Review of Observational Studies and Clinical Trials

Vitamin D Supplementation and Cancer Mortality: Narrative Review of Observational Studies and Clinical Trials

Association of Vitamin D Receptor and Vitamin D-Binding Protein Polymorphisms with Familial Breast Cancer Prognosis in a Mono-Institutional Cohort

Metabolic Syndrome and Sarcopenia

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