Vitamin D in Dentoalveolar and Oral Health

Foster, Brian L.; Hujoel, Philippe P.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809965-0.00029-x

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 173 publications

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“…Since 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D) plays a role in tooth formation, this deficit makes teeth susceptible to caries because of enamel defects [3,9]. Therefore, a lack of vitamin D has been linked to enamel abnormalities and a higher chance of developing dental caries [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Vitamin D Levels and Dental Caries: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Cross-Sectional Studies

Mahmood,

Tassery,

Tardivo

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Background and Aims: Previous observational studies found inconsistent associations between serum vitamin D levels and dental caries risk. A dose-response meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies was performed to investigate the association. Methods: To April 2023, the ISI Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were searched for published papers. Finally, 13 cross-sectional studies were considered that provided odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dental caries in relation to serum vitamin D levels across all age groups. Two reviewers conducted a thorough screening of the studies, data extraction, bias risk assessment, and evidence quality. A random-effect model was used to assess the pooled estimated odd ratios (with 95% confidence intervals). A weighted mixed-effects dose-response meta-analysis in one stage was carried out. Results: Dental caries was significantly more likely to occur when serum vitamin D levels were low compared to high (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.68; GRADE = poor confidence). With a 10 nmol/L increase in serum vitamin D level, linear dose-response analysis showed a significant 3% (OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.96, 0.99) decrease in the likelihood of dental caries. Serum vitamin D levels and dental caries were found to be inversely correlated, with a significant dose-response relationship at levels greater than 78 nmol/L. Conclusion: This meta-analysis showed that vitamin D insufficiency was strongly associated with dental caries, and that a 10 nmol/L increase in blood 25(OH)D levels was linked to a 3% decrease in dental caries. However, the findings may have less clinical significance due to the uncertainty of the evidence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Vitamin D Levels and Dental Caries: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Cross-Sectional Studies

Mahmood,

Tassery,

Tardivo

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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“…Disruption of 1,25D metabolism in mice by either genetic deletion of Cyp27b1 , which encodes the 1α(OH)ase enzyme necessary for activation of vitamin D (Davideau, Lezot, Kato, Bailleul‐Forestier, & Berdal, 2004), or ablation of the Vdr gene to prevent 1,25D signaling (Liu et al, 2009), resulted in reduced and disorganized alveolar bone and evidence of periodontal breakdown. More detailed summaries of vitamin D signaling and dentoalveolar tissues can be found elsewhere (Foster & Hujoel, 2018).…”

Section: Phosphate Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Between a rock and a hard place: Regulation of mineralization in the periodontium

Andras

Mohamed

Chu

et al. 2022

Genesis

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Summary The periodontium supports and attaches teeth via mineralized and nonmineralized tissues. It consists of two, unique mineralized tissues, cementum and alveolar bone. In between these tissues, lies an unmineralized, fibrous periodontal ligament (PDL), which distributes occlusal forces, nourishes and invests teeth, and harbors progenitor cells for dentoalveolar repair. Many unanswered questions remain regarding periodontal biology. This review will focus on recent research providing insights into one enduring mystery: the precise regulation of the hard‐soft tissue borders in the periodontium which define the interfaces of the cementum–PDL–alveolar bone structure. We will focus on advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms that maintain the unmineralized PDL “between a rock and a hard place” by regulating the mineralization of cementum and alveolar bone.

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“…XLH features hypophosphatemia and reduced 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels, and both of these changes can directly affect ameloblast functions as shown by nutritional and genetic mouse studies. (3,(32)(33)(34) Ameloblasts have been reported to have low levels of PHEX protein localization, (35) though another study found no detectable Phex mRNA, (36) making the exact mechanism for enamel defects in XLH unclear. The Hyp mutant mouse model of XLH carries inactivating Phex mutations and phenocopies biochemical and skeletal features of XLH.…”

Section: Quantifying the Dental Manifestations Of Xlhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralization Defects in the Primary Dentition Associated With X‐Linked Hypophosphatemic Rickets

et al. 2021

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X -linked hypophosphatemia rickets (XLH) is caused by inactivating mutations in the phosphate-regulating endopeptidase homolog, X-linked (PHEX) gene, leading to renal phosphate wasting and hypophosphatemia. Dental mineralized tissues are affected by XLH, though tissue-specific dental mineralization defects have been variably described. We aimed to quantify dental effects in primary teeth of six pediatric patients with XLH (four females and two males, aged 5-12 years). All participants had received conventional treatment of calcitriol and phosphate from initial diagnosis. High-resolution μCT and histology were employed to analyze 15 exfoliated or extracted primary teeth from patients in comparison with primary control teeth from healthy children. Compared with controls, a third of the teeth from patients with XLH showed reduced enamel density, though enamel thickness was not reduced. Teeth from patients with XLH featured 10% reduction in mean dentin density, though teeth from three affected individuals had dentin densities within normal limits. Dentin mineralization defects were found across all regions of dentin in affected teeth: outer mantle dentin, circumpulpal dentin, and the most recently formed proximal pulpal dentin. Both crown and root dentin thickness appeared reduced in XLH-affected versus control teeth, with root dentin more severely affected. Interglobular dentin accumulation throughout the circumpulpal dentin was evident by both μCT and histology (585-fold volume increase and 45-fold area increase, respectively). Histology also revealed substantially wider predentin and decreased acellular cementum thickness in XLH-affected versus control teeth, though thinner cementum appeared to include functionally oriented Sharpey's fibers except in the most severely affected individuals. These data provide quantitative analyses of dental mineralization defects associated with XLH, finding a wide range of severity, with dentin more significantly and consistently defective across the spectrum of XLH.

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Vitamin D in Dentoalveolar and Oral Health

Cited by 8 publications

References 173 publications

Association between Vitamin D Levels and Dental Caries: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Cross-Sectional Studies

Association between Vitamin D Levels and Dental Caries: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Cross-Sectional Studies

Between a rock and a hard place: Regulation of mineralization in the periodontium

Mineralization Defects in the Primary Dentition Associated With X‐Linked Hypophosphatemic Rickets

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