Vitamin D deficiency and its role in neurological conditions: A review

Mpandzou, Ghislain Armel; Haddou, E. Aït Ben; Regragui, W.; Benomar, Ali; Yahyaoui, M.

doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2015.11.005

Cited by 87 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…27,28 This is because low vitamin D serum levels correlate with cognitive defects, executive function impairments and dysfunction of the frontal-subcortical neuronal circuits. 29,30 It is noteworthy that vitamin D receptors are present throughout the brain, including the primary motor cortex. 31,32 They have been identified in both neuronal and glial cells within the cortex, in deep grey matter, in the cerebellum, in brainstem nuclei and in the spinal cord and the ventricular system.…”

Section: Effects Of Vitamin D On the Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscular effects of vitamin D in young athletes and non-athletes and in the elderly

Koundourakis¹,

Avgoustinaki²,

Malliaraki³

et al. 2017

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Section: Effects Of Vitamin D On the Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscular effects of vitamin D in young athletes and non-athletes and in the elderly

Koundourakis¹,

Avgoustinaki²,

Malliaraki³

et al. 2017

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“…Vitamin D receptors are present throughout the brain including the primary motor cortex, the region coordinating movement [88][89][90][91]. Specifically, VDRs have been identified in neuronal and glial cells in several brain areas including the cortex, deep gray matter, cerebellum, brainstem nuclei, spinal cord, and the ventricular system [90].…”

Section: Effects Of Vitamin D On the Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, VDRs have been identified in neuronal and glial cells in several brain areas including the cortex, deep gray matter, cerebellum, brainstem nuclei, spinal cord, and the ventricular system [90]. Furthermore, the enzyme 1α-hydroxylase, the activator of vitamin D precursors, is also present in the brain [89][90][91][92][93]. Vitamin D levels are associated with the conductance velocity of motor neurons and neurotransmission mediated by dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine, GABA, and the catecholamines [92,93].…”

Section: Effects Of Vitamin D On the Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and Physical Activity

Koundourakis¹,

Margioris²

2017

A Critical Evaluation of Vitamin D - Basic Overview

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Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin following exposure to ultraviolet radiation, producing cholecalciferol, while only a small percentage of the circulating vitamin D is of exogenous origin deriving from food. Following two sequential hydroxylations, in the liver and in the kidneys, vitamin D is fully activated. Although its role in bone physiology and calcium homeostasis is well documented, there is emerging evidence that vitamin D exerts a plethora of additional effects on most tissues regulating the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and immune systems as well as energy homeostasis. Its deficiency/insufficiency poses a major public health problem observed in all age groups and regardless of latitude and insolation. In muscles, vitamin D deficiency is associated with a decline in neuromuscular function including muscular strength, walking speed, balance, jumping and sprinting performance, and aerobic capacity, although the evidence is still weak regarding its effects in the young and the athletes. Supplementation counteracts the negative effects of vitamin D deficiency on performance although in individuals with adequate levels of vitamin D, additional supplementation does not appear to enhance further physical capabilities. The aim of this chapter is to review our current understanding of diverse effects of vitamin D in physical performance in athletic and nonathletic populations.

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“…Vitamin D has various immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory characteristics (18). Some beneficial effects of treatment of EAE mice with vitamin D including attenuation of the disease severity, delaying in disease beginning and low aggregation of the inflammatory cell into the CNS were observed in our previous study (19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

The Modulatory Effects of Vitamin D on the Expression of IL-12 and TGF-β in the Spinal Cord and Serum of Mice with Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

et al. 2018

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KEYWORDS ABSTRACTExperimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Vitamin D IL-12 TGF-β Background & objective:The immunoregulatory effects of transforming growth factor (TGF)-βand interleukin-12 (IL-12) and immunomodulatory actions of vitamin D (VD) were reported in several studies. This study aims to evaluate VD effects on IL-12 and TGF-β expression in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).Methods: EAE was induced in three groups of C57BL/6 mice by immunization with MOG and administered intra-peritoneally 200 ngVD, PBS or olive oil (OO) from day +3 to +30. One group was also considered as healthy control group. At day 31, cytokines expression in the spinal cord and their serum levels were determined using real time-PCR and ELISA, respectively.Results: IL-12 gene expression and its serum levels in PBS-injected-or OOadministrated EAE groups were significantly higher than healthy group. IL-12 gene expression in EAE group treated with VD was significantly decreased compared to PBS-injected-or OO-administrated EAE groups (P<0.001 and P<0.02, respectively). Serum IL-12 levels were significantly reduced in VD-treated EAE mice compared to PBS-injected-or OO-administrated EAE groups (P<0.004 and P<0.05, respectively). No significant difference was observed between PBS-injected-EAE, OOadministrated EAE and healthy groups regarding the expression of TGF-β. In EAE mice treated with VD, TGF-β expression was significantly higher than healthy group and PBS-injected EAE mice (P<0.01 and P<0.04, respectively). VD-treated EAE group had also higher serum TGF-β levels than PBS-injected-, OO-administrated and healthy groups (P<0.05).Conclusion: VD modulates the expression of IL-12 and TGF-β in spinal cord and serum of EAE mice. Article Info

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Vitamin D deficiency and its role in neurological conditions: A review

Cited by 87 publications

References 119 publications

Muscular effects of vitamin D in young athletes and non-athletes and in the elderly

Muscular effects of vitamin D in young athletes and non-athletes and in the elderly

Vitamin D and Physical Activity

The Modulatory Effects of Vitamin D on the Expression of IL-12 and TGF-β in the Spinal Cord and Serum of Mice with Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

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