Vitamin D Deficiency and Immune Disorders in Combined Endocrine Pathology

Abstract

Introduction: Combined endocrine pathology is a serious healthcare problem in Ukraine. This prospective study assessed the blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and markers of immune function in response to vitamin D intervention in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM, respectively) and autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT).Objective: This study evaluated the relationship between the metabolic and immune status of DM + AIT patients with respect to their vitamin D status and changes after vitamin D3 supplementation.Material and Methods: Patients with type 1 or type 2 DM in combination with AIT and decreased circulating levels of 25(OH)D were divided into two groups of 30 patients each. All patients with AIT were euthyroid and receiving hormonal replacement therapy. The levels of carbohydrate and fat metabolism markers, Immunologic markers, namely, Th1-type cytokines [interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-12], Th2-type cytokines (IL-4, IL-5), IL-10, and IL-17 were measured before and after vitamin D3 supplementation. The vitamin D status was assessed according to the level of 25(OH)D.Results: Patients with combined endocrine disorders (DM and AIT) with a decreased vitamin D status had significantly increased background concentrations of Th1-type cytokines and reduced concentrations of Th2-type cytokines (IL-4 and IL-5), IL-10, and IL-17. The results of our study showed that vitamin D3 supplementation in patients with T1DM and T2DM reduced the concentrations of the inflammatory Th1-type cytokines and increased the levels of Th2-type cytokines.Conclusion: The presence of two endocrine diseases, aggravated by decreased circulating levels of 25(OH)D, leads to disorders wherein the immune status is markedly changed. These decreased levels of 25(OH)D contribute to an autoimmune inflammatory process and to the progression of complications in addition to the metabolic disorders. A vitamin D intervention resulted in significant changes in the blood levels of 25(OH)D that are related to parameters of autoimmunity and glucose metabolism. Vitamin D3 supplementation should be considered for the prevention and treatment of combined endocrine pathology.

Association between Bioactive Molecules in Breast Milk and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Deficiencies of both vitamins may play a role in the pathogenesis of T1DM. 18,19 Giulietti et al reported the overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduced thymus performance and pancreatic islet dysfunction in non-obese diabetic mice kept away from ultraviolet light and fed with a vitamin D-depleted diet. 20 In a Finnish birth cohort study, Hyppönen et al found that daily supplementation of 200 IU of vitamin D was associated with a lower incidence of T1DM among children.…”

Modern approaches to diagnostics of hyperandrogenism distributed forms in reproductive aged women

“…Зважаючи на плейотропні ефекти вітаміну D в людському організмі [41][42][43], продовжується вивчення ролі його недостатності в патогенезі багатьох метаболічних порушень, включаючи ожиріння, ЦД-2 та СПКЯ.…”

Вплив Трансплантації Культур Клітин На Перебіг Експериментального Цукрового Діабету У Тварин

“…При цукровому діабеті 1 типу організм не виробляє інсулін, що призводить до необхідності щоденних його ін'єкцій (Dedov, 2000;Dedov et al, 2001;Zorin, 2005;Shakhbazidi et al, 2006). Проте тривале використання замінної терапії та гіпоглікемічних препаратів може призвести до інсулінорезистентності, а також не запобігає розвиток макро-і мікроваскулярних ускладнень (Kovalska, 2000;King et al, 2003;Komisarenko et al, 2003).…”