Vitamin D deficiency and causative factors in the population of Tehran

Hashemipour, Sima; Larijani, Bagher; Adibi, Hos­sein; Javadi, E; Sedaghat, Mojtaba; Pajouhi, Mohammad; Soltani, Akbar; Shafaei, A; Hamidi, Z; Fard, Ali Reza Khalili; Hossein–Nezhad, Arash; Booya, Fargol

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-4-38

Cited by 213 publications

(195 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…(22) (23) Moreover, Hashemipour et al (24) studied the prevalence of Vit D in Tehran and found non-significant differences between males and females without association between Vit D and sunlight exposure. In contrast to our results, Sedrani, (25) Al-Jurayyan et al, (26) Fida, (27) Naeem et al, (28) stated that vit D serum levels are significantly more decreased in females than males .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Association with Thyroid Disease

Mackawy¹,

Al-Ayed²,

Al-Rashidi³

2013

IJHS

130

123

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Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem, its role as an immune modulator has been recently emphasized. The evidence is increasingly pointing towards vitamin D significant role in reducing the incidence of autoimmune diseases. However, at this time the research on its role in autoimmune and thyroid disease is not conclusive.We aimed to examine the relationship between hypothyroidism and vitamin D deficiency and to clarify the relation between serum calcium levels with hypothyroid disease. Subjects and Methods:Serum vitamin D (25-OH) levels were measured in 30 patients with hypothyroidism and 30 healthy subjects, utilizing the spectrophotometric method. Vitamin D deficiency was designated at levels lower than 20 ng/ml. Thyroid hormones (TSH, T3 and T4) and calcium levels were evaluated in all participants.Results: Serum 25(OH) vit D was significantly lower in hypothyroid patients than in controls (t=-11.128, P =0.000). Its level was insignificantly decreased in females than male patients (t=-1.32, P >0.05). Moreover, serum calcium levels recorded a significant decrease in hypothyroid patients when compared to controls (t= -5.69, P = 0.000). Conclusion:Our results indicated that patients with hypothyroidism suffered from hypovitaminosis D with hypocalcaemia that is significantly associated with the degree and severity of the hypothyroidism. That encourages the advisability of vit D supplementation and recommends the screening for Vitamin D deficiency and serum calcium levels for all hypothyroid patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Association with Thyroid Disease

Mackawy¹,

Al-Ayed²,

Al-Rashidi³

2013

IJHS

130

123

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“…We determined the portion size and annual, monthly, and weekly frequency of intake using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Reproducibility and relative validity of the 54-item FFQ were tested during the recruitment in the IMOS cohort by the Iranian Nutrition Institute [19,20]. The total calcium intake was estimated based on the same FFQ.…”

Section: Current Dietary Intake and Estimation Of Neapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship among dietary estimates of net endogenous acid production, bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone turnover in an Iranian general population

Rahbar

Larijani

Nabipour

et al. 2009

Bone

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oChronic, low-grade metabolic acidosis due to Western diets may be a risk factor for osteoporosis. The severity can be determined in part by net endogenous acid production (NEAP). In a population-based study, a total of 1028 healthy men and women aged 20-72 years were evaluated for dietary intakes and NEAP estimates with a validated food frequency questionnaire. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to determine BMD of the lumbar spine (L2-L4), distal third of radius, and proximal femur. Serum CrossLaps, degradation products of the C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen, and osteocalcin were measured by highly specific ELISA methods. Lower estimates of energy-adjusted rates of NEAP were associated with greater femoral neck BMD (p = 0.01) in premenopausal women and with greater BMDs at the distal radius (p = 0.001) and lumbar spine (p = 0.04) in postmenopausal women. Compared with women in the highest quartile of the estimates of the energy-adjusted rates of NEAP, pre-and postmenopausal women in the lowest quartile had significantly greater means of osteocalcin [9.12 (SD ± 1.62) vs. 5.24 (SD ± 1.41) ng/ml, p = 0.02 and 11.74 (SD ± 1.69) vs. 7.79 (SD ± 2.63) ng/ml, p = 0.002, respectively]. Analysis by quartiles of the estimates of energy-adjusted rates of NEAP did not reveal a relationship between BMD and bone turnover markers in men. In conclusion, we found that a high energy-adjusted rate of NEAP was associated with a significantly lower BMD in women but not in men and the energy-adjusted rate of NEAP had a negative relationship with bone formation.

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“…For this reason, food fortification with vitamin D has been implemented as a prophylactic measure in many countries for several years (18,19) . However, foods are not commonly fortified in Iran at the moment in spite of scattered reports of a *Corresponding author: Email t.neyestani@nnftri.ac.ir, neytr@yahoo.com r The Authors 2011 remarkably high prevalence of various degrees of vitamin D deficiency among those 20-69 years of age in the Tehran population (79?6 %) (2) and among 14-18-year-old adolescents in Isfahan (46?2 %) (20) . Children in accelerated growth spurts have increased requirements for many nutrients, including vitamin D. Although a well-balanced diet may provide almost all the required nutrients, vitamin D is an exception since it has no appreciable food source, especially in the Iranian diet (21) .…”

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confidence: 99%

High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in school-age children in Tehran, 2008: a red alert

Neyestani

Hajifaraji

Omidvar

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To assess the vitamin D status of 9-12-year-old primary-school children in Tehran during autumn and winter [2007][2008]. Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: Primary schools of Tehran city, Iran. Subjects: A total of 1111 children aged 9-12 years (573 boys and 538 girls) from sixty primary schools were enrolled in the study. Weight, height, BMI and serum levels of Ca, P, Mg, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), osteocalcin and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase of all the participants were assessed. Dietary Ca intake was also evaluated using a quantitative FFQ for a subsample of the study population (n 503). Vitamin D sufficiency was defined on the basis of serum levels of 25(OH)D as either $37 nmol/l (criterion 1) or $50 nmol/l (criterion 2).

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Vitamin D deficiency and causative factors in the population of Tehran

Cited by 213 publications

References 30 publications

Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Association with Thyroid Disease

Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Association with Thyroid Disease

Relationship among dietary estimates of net endogenous acid production, bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone turnover in an Iranian general population

High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in school-age children in Tehran, 2008: a red alert

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