Vitamin D, autoimmunity and recurrent pregnancy loss: More than an association

Sharif, Κassem; Sharif, Yousra; Watad, Abdulla; Yavne, Yarden; Lichtbroun, Benjamin; Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi; Amital, Howard; Shoenfeld, Yehuda

doi:10.1111/aji.12991

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 129 publications

(251 reference statements)

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“…An increase in T helper 1 and T helper 17 cell activity may increase risk, whereas promotion of T helper 2 cell populations may infer protection and vitamin D may play a direct role here. 71 Recurrent pregnancy loss affects 1%–2% of reproductive women and studies show an association with vitamin D deficiency. 72 Vitamin D level, therefore, may be an important clinical consideration, particularly as recurrent pregnancy loss is often unexplained.…”

Section: Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and efficacy of supplements in pregnancy

Brown¹,

Wright²

2020

Nutrition Reviews

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Pregnancy is a time where expectant mothers often focus on their diet to improve their own health and to preserve the future health of their children. There is much conflicting information in the public domain about the safety and/or efficacy of nutritional supplements during pregnancy. Despite this, the market for supplements is growing. This review discusses the roles of critical nutrients in pregnancy and the available evidence on the use of supplements to reduce risks and improve maternal and fetal outcomes. Recommendations are made for pregnant women, taking into account safety data and tolerable upper intakes set for pregnant women. It is important for dieticians, nutritionists, physicians, and other healthcare providers to be able to offer accurate and evidence-based advice on supplement use in pregnancy. Routine supplementation may not be necessary for all, but individuals at risk are identified.

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Section: Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and efficacy of supplements in pregnancy

Brown¹,

Wright²

2020

Nutrition Reviews

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“…Vitamin D RCTs specifically designed to assess outcomes of ART are, however, still missing. Interestingly, one meta-analysis documented that early spontaneous pregnancy loss was significantly increased in women with serum 25(OH)D concentrations below 50 nmol/L compared to those with higher 25(OH)D levels (relative risk (RR): 2.24; 95% CI: 1.15 to 4.37) [ 54 , 55 , 56 ]. In line with this, a study in 1191 women with previous pregnancy losses showed that women with serum 25(OH)D concentrations ≥75 nmol/L preconception were more likely to achieve clinical pregnancy (adjusted RR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.20) and livebirth (RR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.19) compared to those with lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations [ 57 , 58 ].…”

Section: Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Vitamin D in Fertility and during Pregnancy and Lactation: A Review of Clinical Data

Pilz

Zittermann

Obeid

et al. 2018

IJERPH

130

110

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Vitamin D deficiency is common and there exists a huge gap between recommended dietary vitamin D intakes and the poor vitamin D supply in the general population. While vitamin D is important for musculoskeletal health, there are accumulating data suggesting that vitamin D may also be important for fertility, pregnancy outcomes and lactation. Significant changes in vitamin D metabolism during pregnancy such as increased production of the “active vitamin D hormone” calcitriol support the important role of vitamin D in this setting. Observational studies show that vitamin D deficiency is a risk marker for reduced fertility and various adverse pregnancy outcomes and is associated with a low vitamin D content of breast milk. Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) document that physiological vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy is safe and improves vitamin D and calcium status, thereby protecting skeletal health. Although certain RCTs and/or meta-analyses reported some other beneficial effects, it is still not clear whether vitamin D supplementation improves fertility or decreases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight, pre-eclampsia and neonatal mortality, or reduces wheeze/asthma in the infants. Nevertheless, vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women is frequently required to achieve a sufficient vitamin D status as recommended by nutritional vitamin D guidelines. In this review, we provide an overview of systematic reviews, meta-analyses and large trials reporting clinical data on the role of vitamin D for fertility, pregnancy and lactation.

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“…Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone regulating the expression of almost 900 genes [1] and it is involved in the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism, immune response and brain development [2, 3]. Low blood Vitamin D levels have been reported in patients affected by infectious diseases, including those caused by parasites [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D in malaria: more hypotheses than clues

Bivona

Agnello

Sasso

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone regulating calcium and phosphate metabolism, immune response and brain development. Low blood 25(OH)D levels have been reported in patients affected by infectious diseases caused by parasites, including malaria. Despite the high effectiveness of antimalarials, malaria is burdened with high morbidity and mortality, and the search for additional therapies is rapidly growing. Furthermore, available preventive measures have proved to be barely effective so far. Finding new prevention and therapy tools is a matter of urgency. Studies on animal models and humans have hypothesized some mechanisms by which the hormone can influence malaria pathogenesis, and the role of Vitamin D supplementation in preventing and treating this disease has been suggested. Few studies on the association between Vitamin D and malaria are available and disagreeing results have been reported. Studies in humans reporting an association between low 25(OH)D circulating levels and Malaria have a small sample size and observational study-set. Randomized controlled trials are needed in order to understand if Vitamin D administration might play a role in preventing and treating malaria.

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Vitamin D, autoimmunity and recurrent pregnancy loss: More than an association

Cited by 44 publications

References 129 publications

Safety and efficacy of supplements in pregnancy

Safety and efficacy of supplements in pregnancy

The Role of Vitamin D in Fertility and during Pregnancy and Lactation: A Review of Clinical Data

Vitamin D in malaria: more hypotheses than clues

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