Vitamin D as an Immunomodulator: Risks with Deficiencies and Benefits of Supplementation

Goldsmith, Jason R.

doi:10.3390/healthcare3020219

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 107 publications

(115 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Vitamin D may have a pleiotropic effect in immune cells, including macrophages, and an immunomodulatory role of vitamin D in various immune cells and diseases has been discussed [ 52 ]. The role of vitamin D in blocking the inflammatory cytokines, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis in the context of various diseases has been studied, and potential beneficial immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory roles have been elucidated [ 53 , 54 ]. In this study, the higher expression of TREM-2 in the VDSupp group suggests an anti-inflammatory role of vitamin D in knee joint tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D attenuates inflammation, fatty infiltration, and cartilage loss in the knee of hyperlipidemic microswine

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint is a degenerative process resulting in cartilage loss. Recent evidence suggests that OA is not merely a disease of cartilage but a disease of the entire knee joint and that inflammation may play an important role. OA has been associated with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D as an immunomodulator and anti-inflammatory agent may attenuate inflammation in the knee. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-inflammatory effect of vitamin D on inflammation in the knee.MethodsThis study was conducted with 13 microswine on a high cholesterol diet categorized into three groups of vitamin D-deficient, vitamin D-sufficient, and vitamin D supplementation. After 1 year, microswine were killed, and their knee joint tissues were harvested. Histological and immunofluorescence studies were carried out on the tissue specimens to evaluate the effect of vitamin D status.ResultsHistological and immunofluorescence studies of the knee joint tissues showed (1) increased inflammation in the knee joint tissues, (2) fatty infiltration in quadriceps muscle, patellar tendon, and collateral ligaments, and (3) chondrocyte clustering in the vitamin D-deficient and vitamin D-sufficient groups compared with the vitamin D supplementation group. Architectural distortion of the quadriceps muscle, patellar tendon, and collateral ligaments was also seen in the areas of inflammatory foci and fatty infiltration in the vitamin D-deficient group.ConclusionsDecreased inflammation and fatty infiltration in the vitamin D supplementation group suggest the potential role of vitamin D in attenuating inflammation and fatty infiltration as well as in protecting the architecture of the tissue in the knee joint.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-016-1099-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D attenuates inflammation, fatty infiltration, and cartilage loss in the knee of hyperlipidemic microswine

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Considering that vitamin D insufficiency may have detrimental role in the immune system, its supplementation in DMD patients should not be interrupted during viral pandemic emergencies, such as COVID-19 [144]. However, caution should be taken according to what described in 5.8.1 and for contaminants (see below).…”

Section: Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety issues and harmful pharmacological interactions of nutritional supplements in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: considerations for Standard of Care and emerging virus outbreaks

Boccanegra

Verhaart

Cappellari

et al. 2020

Pharmacological Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

At the moment, little treatment options are available for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The absence of the dystrophin protein leads to a complex cascade of pathogenic events in myofibres, including chronic inflammation and oxidative stress as well as altered metabolism. The attention towards dietary supplements in DMD is rapidly increasing, with the aim to counteract pathology-related alteration in nutrient intake, the consequences of catabolic distress or to enhance the immunological response of patients as nowadays for the COVID-19 pandemic emergency. By definition, supplements do not exert therapeutic actions, although a great confusion may arise in daily life by the improper distinction between supplements and therapeutic compounds. For most supplements, little research has been done and little evidence is available concerning their effects in DMD as well as their preventing actions against infections. Often these are not prescribed by clinicians and patients/caregivers do not discuss the use with their clinical team. Then, little is known about the real extent of supplement use in DMD patients. It is mistakenly assumed that, since compounds are of natural origin, if a supplement is not effective, it will also do no harm. However, supplements can have serious side effects and also have harmful interactions, in terms of reducing efficacy or leading to toxicity, with other therapies. It is therefore pivotal to shed light on this unclear scenario for the sake of patients. This review discusses the supplements mostly used by DMD patients, focusing on their potential toxicity, due to a variety of mechanisms including pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic interactions and contaminations, as well as on reports of adverse events. This overview underlines the need for caution in uncontrolled use of dietary supplements in fragile populations such as DMD patients. A culture of appropriate use has to be implemented between clinicians and patients' groups.

show abstract

“…According to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations, a serum level of 25(OH)D (endogenous and supplementary by diet) of 50 nmol/L is adequate to maintain healthy bone status [12], though it has been suggested that the optimum serum concentration for multiple health outcomes may be higher [13, 14]. Of note, vitamin D sufficiency may be protective against development of inflammatory bowel disease [15] and accordingly, deficient circulating levels are associated with heightened risk of CRC development in these patients [16], supporting an association between vitamin D, inflammation, and CRC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High level of circulating vitamin D during neoadjuvant therapy may lower risk of metastatic progression in high-risk rectal cancer

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Following curative-intent neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer, metastatic progression is still dominant. We investigated if patients’ circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were associated with outcome. Methods Serum 25(OH)D concentration was assessed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in samples collected from 84 patients at baseline, completion of the neoadjuvant therapy, and treatment evaluation before surgery, and analyzed with respect to season, disease presentation, and treatment effects. Results In the cohort of patients residing at latitude 58–62°N, baseline 25(OH)D differed significantly over the seasons, with highest measures (mean of 71.2 ± 5.6 nmol/L) in summer and lowest (48.7 ± 4.5 nmol/L) in spring, and changed over the three-month neoadjuvant period till response evaluation solely owing to season. The patient subgroup with slightly reduced performance status, anemia, and T4 disease that did not respond to the neoadjuvant therapy (ypT4 cases), had significantly lower baseline 25(OH)D (below 50 nmol/L) than T4 cases with response (ypT0–3) and T2–3 cases (above 60 nmol/L). Compared to the T4 patients with levels above 50 nmol/L, regarded as sufficient for a healthy bone status, those presenting levels below had significantly heightened risk of disease progression (mainly metastasis) and death, with hazard ratio of 3 and 17, respectively, on adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and season. Conclusion Rectal cancer T4 cases had high risk of metastatic progression and death if circulating 25(OH)D levels were insufficient but obtained short-term and long-term outcome to neoadjuvant treatment no worse than patients with T2–3 disease when 25(OH)D was sufficient. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00278694 ; registration date: 16 January 2006, retrospective to enrollment of the first 10 patients of the current report.

show abstract

Vitamin D as an Immunomodulator: Risks with Deficiencies and Benefits of Supplementation

Cited by 26 publications

References 107 publications

Vitamin D attenuates inflammation, fatty infiltration, and cartilage loss in the knee of hyperlipidemic microswine

Vitamin D attenuates inflammation, fatty infiltration, and cartilage loss in the knee of hyperlipidemic microswine

Safety issues and harmful pharmacological interactions of nutritional supplements in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: considerations for Standard of Care and emerging virus outbreaks

High level of circulating vitamin D during neoadjuvant therapy may lower risk of metastatic progression in high-risk rectal cancer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About