Vitamin D and Obesity/Adiposity—A Brief Overview of Recent Studies

Bennour, Imene; Haroun, Nicole; Sicard, Flavie; Mounien, Lourdes; Landrier, Jean‐François

doi:10.3390/nu14102049

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…In large cross-sectional studies, it was proven that obesity is linked to vitamin D deficiency-25(OH)D correlates inversely with BMI, total fat mass, visceral adiposity, and waist circumference, also in the elderly [53][54][55][56]. Many hypotheses were developed to explain this relationship-main proposed mechanism include increased serum concentration of immunoreactive PTH, higher vitamin D sequestration, dilution, and clearance in obesity [57,58]. However, in our study there was a correlation neither between the BMI nor the percentage of fat tissue and baseline vitamin D metabolites concentrations and changes in vitamin D metabolites concentrations after the administration of 120,000 IU of cholecalciferol (Supplemeantary Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of a Single High Dose of Vitamin D on Serum Levels of Its Metabolites in the Elderly

Leszczyńska¹,

Szatko²,

Kowalski³

et al. 2022

Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed)

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Background: Vitamin D is a dietary micronutrient responsible for calcium and phosphorus metabolism and multiple extraskeletal actions. The assessment of vitamin D status is commonly based on measurement of 25(OH)D total concentration in serum. However, the usage of LC-MS/MS technique allows to reliably assess a panel of vitamin D metabolites in serum or plasma, which may help to investigate the metabolic paths of vitamin D, especially in populations at risk of deficiency. Methods: A randomized, two-arms, open study was conducted on 58 patients (28 female and 30 male; aged from 61 to 96 years old). The primary aim was to assess the effects of a single, high, oral dose of vitamin D3 ( 120,000 IU) on serum 25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, 24,25(OH)2D3, 3-epi-25(OH)D3, 1,25(OH)2D3, 24,25(OH)2D3/25(OH)D3 ratio, and 25(OH)D3/3-epi-25(OH)D3 ratio concentration (measured by LC-MS/MS) at baseline, 3 days and 7 days after administration, compared to control group. The secondary aim was assessment of influence of percentage of fat tissue on serum metabolites of vitamin D and their changes after bolus dose. Results: 56.6% study group attained a serum 25(OH)D3 concentration >30 ng/mL. All subjects, except for one patient achieved a serum 25(OH)D3 concentration >20 ng/mL after administration. No one exceed reference value of vitamin D (30-50 ng/mL). Among participants who received vitamin D3 there were significant increase in 25(OH)D3, 3-epi-25(OH)D3, 1,25(OH)2D3, 24,25(OH)2D3 on 3rd day after administration. 24,25(OH)2D3 concentration gradually grew, achieving the highest concentration on 7th day. The percentage increase of 25(OH)D3 was negatively correlated with baseline 25(OH)D3 (r = -0.688, p = 0.001). Positive correlation between percentage increase in 25(OH)D3 and a percentage increase serum concentration of 24,25(OH)2D3 (r = 0.954, p < 0.001), 3-epi-25(OH)D3 (r = 8.03, p < 0.001) and 1,25(OH)2D3 (r = 0.789, p < 0.001) were found. None of the study participants developed hypercalcemia. The baseline concentration of analyzed metabolites of vitamin D in serum and their percentage increase were neither dependent on BMI nor percentage of fat tissue. Conclusions: High dose of vitamin D rapidly increases 25(OH)D3 concentration in the elderly patients. The response to the bolus of vitamin D includes activation of 3-epimerase, followed by production of 24,25(OH)2D3, which protects from excessive increase of active form of vitamin D.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of a Single High Dose of Vitamin D on Serum Levels of Its Metabolites in the Elderly

Leszczyńska¹,

Szatko²,

Kowalski³

et al. 2022

Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed)

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“…The frequency of the G allele in Latin America is 0.64, whereas for the A allele is 0.36 ( 20 ). Vitamin D levels have been associated with a preventive role in obesity, where individuals with low levels had a higher obesity predisposition ( 42 ). Based on this SNP frequency and vitamin D role, the diet in Latin America should aim for a high vitamin D intake.…”

Section: Genetics In Obesity In the Latin American Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study evaluated the association between TCFL2, obesity, and diabetes in adipose tissue, reporting that TCFL2 expression decreased in rats fed a 60% fat diet compared to a 10% fat diet. Based on these findings, the researchers suggest that reduced TCFL2 expression in adipocytes could lead to reduced glucose or lipid metabolism due to a high-fat diet ( 42 ). A study conducted on Chileans, the world’s largest consumers of sugar-sweetened beverages, suggested adverse effects in individuals who consume at least two sugar supplies per day.…”

Section: Genomics and Diet Interaction In Obesity In The Latin Americ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics, genomics, and diet interactions in obesity in the Latin American environment

et al. 2022

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Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that could impact an individual’s health; moreover, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared obesity a global epidemic since 1997. In Latin America, in 2016, reports indicated that 24.2% of the adult population was obese. The environmental factor or specific behaviors like dietary intake or physical activity have a vital role in the development of a condition like obesity, but the interaction of genes could contribute to that predisposition. Hence, it is vital to understand the relationship between genes and disease. Indeed, genetics in nutrition studies the genetic variations and their effect on dietary response; while genomics in nutrition studies the role of nutrients in gene expression. The present review represents a compendium of the dietary behaviors in the Latin American environment and the interactions of genes with their single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with obesity, including the risk allele frequencies in the Latin American population. Additionally, a bibliographical selection of several studies has been included; these studies examined the impact that dietary patterns in Latin American environments have on the expression of numerous genes involved in obesity-associated metabolic pathways.

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“…In humans, low plasma concentrations of VitD (hypovitaminosis D) have been consistently reported in overweight/obese people [ 86 ], and thus the effects of the supplementation with this vitamin on body weight have been repeatedly investigated. A recent meta-analysis examining the benefits of VitD on various measures of adiposity in healthy overweight and obese adults indicated a lack of effect on BMI, waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio.…”

Section: Human Intervention Studies Looking At the Effects Of Foods A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Exploratory Critical Review on TNF-α as a Potential Inflammatory Biomarker Responsive to Dietary Intervention with Bioactive Foods and Derived Products

Quarta

Massaro

Carluccio

et al. 2022

Foods

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This review collects and critically examines data on the levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in lean, overweight and obese subjects, and the effects of intervention with different foods and food products containing bioactive constituents in overweight/obese individuals. We additionally explore the influence of different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on TNF-α levels and compare the response to food products with that to some anti-obesity drugs. Our aim was to provide an overview of the variability, consistency, and magnitude of the reported effects of dietary factors on TNF-α, and to envisage the reliability of measuring changes in the levels of this cytokine as a biomarker responsive to food intervention in association with the reduction in body weight. Regarding the circulating levels of TNF-α, we report: (i) a large intra-group variability, with most coefficients of variation (CV%) values being ³30% and, in many cases, >100%; (ii) a large between-studies variability, with baseline TNF-α values ranging from <1.0 up to several hundred pg/mL; (iii) highly variable effects of the different dietary approaches with both statistically significant and not significant decreases or increases of the protein, and the absolute effect size varying from <0.1 pg/mL up to ≈50 pg/mL. Within this scenario of variability, it was not possible to discern clear differentiating limits in TNF-α between lean, overweight, and obese individuals or a distinct downregulatory effect on this cytokine by any of the different dietary approaches reviewed, i.e., polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), Vitamin-D (VitD), mixed (micro)nutrients, (poly)phenols or other phytochemicals. Further, there was not a clear relationship between the TNF-α responses and body weight changes. We found similarities between dietary and pharmacological treatments in terms of variability and limited evidence of the TNF-α response. Different factors that contribute to this variability are discussed and some specific recommendations are proposed to reinforce the need to improve future studies looking at this cytokine as a potential biomarker of response to dietary approaches.

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Vitamin D and Obesity/Adiposity—A Brief Overview of Recent Studies

Cited by 32 publications

References 156 publications

The Effect of a Single High Dose of Vitamin D on Serum Levels of Its Metabolites in the Elderly

The Effect of a Single High Dose of Vitamin D on Serum Levels of Its Metabolites in the Elderly

Genetics, genomics, and diet interactions in obesity in the Latin American environment

An Exploratory Critical Review on TNF-α as a Potential Inflammatory Biomarker Responsive to Dietary Intervention with Bioactive Foods and Derived Products

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