Vitamin D and Nutritional Status are Related to Bone Fractures in Alcoholics

González‐Reimers, Emilio; Alvisa-Negrín, Julio; Santolaria-Fernández, Francisco; Martín-González, M. Candelaria; Hernández-Betancor, Iván; Fernández-Rodríguez, Camino; Viña-Rodríguez, J.; González-Díaz, Antonieta

doi:10.1093/alcalc/agq098

Cited by 45 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…11 Research has highlighted that rib fractures are common among heavy alcoholics. 11,12 Their presence is related closely to nutritional status, lean mass and vitamin D levels. 12 As a result of the lack of agreement in the research, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic factors, mechanisms of injury and outcomes following blunt chest trauma using deprivation measures calculated on the basis of domicile postcodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social deprivation and adult blunt chest trauma: A retrospective study

Battle

Hutchings

Bouamra

et al. 2014

Journal of the Intensive Care Society

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Introduction:The relationship between socioeconomic status and various components of health is well established. Research has also highlighted that social deprivation can affect patterns of injury and outcome after trauma. The interaction between outcomes following blunt chest trauma and socioeconomic status has received limited attention in trauma research. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic factors, mechanisms of injury and outcomes following blunt chest trauma using deprivation measures calculated on the basis of domicile postcodes. Methods: A retrospective study design was used in order to examine the medical notes of all blunt chest wall trauma patients who presented to the ED of a large regional trauma centre in South West Wales in 2012 and 2013. Baseline characteristics were presented as median and interquartile range or numbers and percentages. Differences between the baseline characteristics were analysed using Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher's exact test. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were presented from the univariable analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify significant predictors for the development of complications. Results: Patients in the 'more deprived' group were more likely to be the victims of assault (p < 0.001) and were more likely to have an unplanned re-attendance at the Emergency Department than the patients in the 'less deprived' group (p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, social deprivation was not a risk factor for the development of complications, but it was a significant risk factor for prolonged length of stay (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This is the first study in which social deprivation has been investigated as a risk factor for complications following isolated blunt chest wall trauma. Residing in a 'more deprived' area in South West Wales is not associated with the development of complications following isolated blunt chest wall trauma.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social deprivation and adult blunt chest trauma: A retrospective study

Battle

Hutchings

Bouamra

et al. 2014

Journal of the Intensive Care Society

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“…Alcoholism can cause alterations in nutritional status and vitamin D deficiency: Both factors, together with the loss of muscle mass secondary to alcohol consumption, have been associated with an increased risk of bone fracture (32). Changes in dietary habits, irregular food intake and protein deficiencies also contribute to bone loss (45), and promote low levels of serum calcium, phosphorus and magnesium (46).…”

Section: Aetiopathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these series, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 41 %, while that of osteopenia ranged between 26 % and 47 % (21-30) (Table I). Specific studies have been conducted in alcoholic subjects with associated liver disease in very uneven proportions (cirrhosis between 0 % and 52 %), where the incidence of osteoporosis was 11-22 % while osteopenia affected 100 % of the patients (6,19,20,(31)(32)(33) (Table II). Alcohol-induced liver disease encompasses a wide spectrum of illnesses, and consequently it is difficult to specify an exact prevalence for each stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcoholic liver disease and changes in bone mineral density

López-Larramona

Lucendo

González-Delgado

2013

Rev. esp. enferm. dig.

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Osteoporosis and osteopenia are alterations in bone mineral density (BMD) that frequently occur in the context of chronic liver disease (CLD). These alterations have been studied predominantly in chronic cholestatic disease and cirrhosis of the liver. Alcohol consumption is an independent risk factor for the onset of osteoporosis, whose estimated prevalence in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) ranges between 5 % and 40 %. The loss of BMD in ALD is the result of an imbalance between bone formation and resorption. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial and includes the toxic effects of alcohol on bone and endocrine and nutritional disorders secondary to alcoholism and a deficiency of osteocalcin, vitamin D and insulin growth factor-1. The diagnosis of BMD alterations in ALD is based on its measurement using bone densitometry. Treatment includes smoking and alcohol cessation and general measures such as changes in nutrition and exercise. Calcium and vitamin D supplements are recommended in all patients with ALD and osteoporosis. Bisphosphonates are the most commonly prescribed drugs for the specific treatment of this condition. Alternatives include raloxifene, hormone replacement therapy and calcitonin.This review will address the most important aspects involved in the clinical management of abnormal BMD in the context of ALD, including its prevalence, pathogenesis and diagnosis. We will also review the treatment of osteoporosis in CLD in general, focusing on specific aspects related to bone loss in ALD.

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“…Alcoholics are at a particular risk of low vitamin D levels, which in itself affects bone strength and fracture risk. 4 It is not uncommon for chronic alcoholics to have both osteomalacia and osteoporosis. It is also common for patients in skilled nursing facilities to have issues with low vitamin D levels.…”

Section: Comments On Historymentioning

confidence: 99%