Vitamin D and nifedipine in the treatment of Chinese patients with grades I–II essential hypertension: A randomized placebo-controlled trial

Chen, Wei Ren; Liu, Zhi Ying; Shi, Yang; Yin, Da Wei; Wang, Hao; Sha, Yuan; Chen, Yun Dai

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.04.011

Cited by 40 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Among the eight studies reporting a beneficial response, two had low 25OHD levels as inclusion criteria [86,87] and six of the trials reported a mean 25OHD level at baseline below 50 nmol/L [85–87]. Furthermore, five of the studies reported a mean increase in 25OHD levels of 50% or more in response to the intervention [85,87,88,90,92]. Type of vitamin D intervention varied widely between the eight studies showing beneficial effects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three studies used vitamin D in combination with calcium [87,89,91] and one study used UVB exposure [85]. The remaining four studies administrated vitamin D using different dosing regimens in terms of a daily dose [90], a weekly dose [92], a single high dose [86], or a 50,000 IU dose of D3 administrated twice three weeks apart [88]. The populations studied in the eight trials varied widely.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-skeletal health effects of vitamin D supplementation: A systematic review on findings from meta-analyses summarizing trial data

et al. 2017

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BackgroundA large number of observational studies have reported harmful effects of low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels on non-skeletal outcomes. We performed a systematic quantitative review on characteristics of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) included in meta-analyses (MAs) on non-skeletal effects of vitamin D supplementation.Methods and findingsWe identified systematic reviews (SR) reporting summary data in terms of MAs of RCTs on selected non-skeletal outcomes. For each outcome, we summarized the results from available SRs and scrutinized included RCTs for a number of predefined characteristics. We identified 54 SRs including data from 210 RCTs. Most MAs as well as the individual RCTs reported null-findings on risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, weight-loss, and malignant diseases. Beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation was reported in 1 of 4 MAs on depression, 2 of 9 MAs on blood pressure, 3 of 7 MAs on respiratory tract infections, and 8 of 12 MAs on mortality. Most RCTs have primarily been performed to determine skeletal outcomes, whereas non-skeletal effects have been assessed as secondary outcomes. Only one-third of the RCTs had low level of 25OHD as a criterion for inclusion and a mean baseline 25OHD level below 50 nmol/L was only present in less than half of the analyses.ConclusionsPublished RCTs have mostly been performed in populations without low 25OHD levels. The fact that most MAs on results from RCTs did not show a beneficial effect does not disprove the hypothesis suggested by observational findings on adverse health outcomes of low 25OHD levels.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-skeletal health effects of vitamin D supplementation: A systematic review on findings from meta-analyses summarizing trial data

et al. 2017

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“…However, when people have an unstable balance between vasodilatory and vasoconstrictory functions at age>45 in men and >55 in women, vitamin D deficiency as an important environmental risk factor contributes to the development of EH in the vulnerable population. This concept is supported by more than 13 trials [14,18,[46][47][48][80][81][82][83][84][100][101][102][103][104] showing that administration of natural vitamin D, VD3 or its analogue significantly reduces BP in the patients with vitamin D-deficient EH, which may or may not be related to their PTH and calcium status. An appropriate dose of vitamin D supplementation to correct vitamin D deficiency in the high-risk susceptible population should effectively prevent them from the development of EH.…”

Section: Effect Of Vitamin D Supplementation On the Prevention Of Ehmentioning

confidence: 71%

Effect of Vitamin D on the Treatment and Prevention of Essential Hypertension

Chen¹

2017

Drug Des

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The vast majority of epidemiological studies have consistently shown that vitamin D levels are inversely related to blood pressure (BP) and the incidence of hypertension (HTN). Animal studies from diet-induced or genetic models of vitamin D deficiency suggest that vitamin D deficiency directly causes HTN. Based on basic and clinical studies, modestly increased renin expression in genetic mouse models of vitamin D deficiency is associated with, but not causally linked to vitamin D deficiency-induced HTN. Our mechanistic studies indicate that overexpression of a novel target gene seems to play a critical role in vitamin D-deficient HTN, and that vitamin D signaling defect in vascular smooth muscle cells and CD4+ T lymphocytes seems predominantly be responsible for vitamin D deficiencymediated HTN. The data from many clinical trials have consistently demonstrated a minimal or no effect of shortterm vitamin D supplementation on BP in normotensive healthy individuals, but long-term vitamin D supplementation should prevent the development of essential HTN (EH) at high-risk susceptible people. More than 13 randomized controlled trials have shown that vitamin D repletion significantly reduces BP in vitamin D-deficient EH patients, which appears to be more effective in those with type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance. Short-term administration of active vitamin D or its analogue has a better antihypertensive role than natural vitamin D in the treatment of vitamin D-deficient EH. While these promising data from relatively small trials have displayed potential beneficial vitamin D effect on EH, it is urgently needed to comprehensively elucidate molecular mechanisms of vitamin D deficiency-induced HTN, which will provide a solid theoretical basis to well design large randomized controlled trials to further address the antihypertensive role of vitamin D in vitamin D-deficient EH patients. Currently, EH is lacking an etiology-specific therapy. Identification of vitamin D deficiency as an environmental stressor that triggers the development of EH at vulnerable individuals will make a great advance in the field of EH research.Keywords: Vitamin D; Deficiency; Blood pressure; Essential hypertension; Molecular mechanisms; Clinical trials Etiology-Specific Treatment for EH is a Knowledge GapMore than 95% hypertensive patients suffer from EH, a chronic disease that displays an elevated BP phenotype with unknown etiology. EH can lead to stroke, coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, heart failure, renal failure and increased mortality if it is not well controlled [1]. Although there are several classes of antihypertensive medications available, in America, 50% of hypertensive patients do not have their BP well-controlled and about 5 million patients are resistant to antihypertensive treatment with a combination of at least three antihypertensive medications [2]. One of critical problems is lacking an etiology-specific effective therapy for EH. Currently, treatment of EH is largely empiric, and the lesseff...

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“…A placebo-controlled, randomized trial [18]. Another trial confirming above conclusion was run in Iran, where 8-week, randomized placebo-controlled trial took place.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between vitamin D levels and arterial hypertension in women at very high cardiovascular risk

Krzowski

Płatek

Ryś

et al. 2016

Arterial Hypertension

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Background. Vitamin D is a compound of great importance in controlling the biological functions of the body in a variety of ways. Significance of vitamin D in the pathogenesis and treatment of various diseases has been described repeatedly. One of the most discussed issues in the literature is the importance of vitamin D deficiency in the pathogenesis of hypertension. This relationship is particularly important in patients burdened with elevated cardiovascular risk, which undoubtedly represent patients with diagnosed disease of the cardiovascular system. The aim of the study was to determine the association between the occurrence of vitamin D deficiency and the prevalence of hypertension in premenopausal women at very high cardiovascular risk. Materials and methods. The study included 49 women who had previously been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. In all patients enrolled in the study serum concentrations of vitamin D were measured and the patients were classified to have vitamin D deficiency or normal vitamin D level, based on the existing criteria. The patients were also tested for the occurrence of hypertension. Medical records of all patients were reviewed for early diagnosis of hypertension, and blood pressure measurements were performed on admission to the hospital before the surgery by a qualified physician, in a manner consistent with current guidelines Results. The study population was aged 47.7 ± 13.4 years. The mean body mass index was 25.2 kg/m

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Vitamin D and nifedipine in the treatment of Chinese patients with grades I–II essential hypertension: A randomized placebo-controlled trial

Cited by 40 publications

References 29 publications

Non-skeletal health effects of vitamin D supplementation: A systematic review on findings from meta-analyses summarizing trial data

Non-skeletal health effects of vitamin D supplementation: A systematic review on findings from meta-analyses summarizing trial data

Effect of Vitamin D on the Treatment and Prevention of Essential Hypertension

Association between vitamin D levels and arterial hypertension in women at very high cardiovascular risk

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