Vitamin D and cardiovascular diseases

Abstract

Cardiologia CROATICA UvodKlasiËna uloga vitamina D je poveÊanje apsorpcije kalcija u crijevima . Istraaeivanja su pokazala da manjak vitamina D uzrokuje poveÊanje rizika od razvoja srËanoaeilnih bolesti (SAEB). NaËin na koji vitamin D πtiti pojedinca od SAEB nije do kraja istraaeen. Postoje mnoge teorije, ukljuËujuÊi negativnu regulaciju renina i time sniaeavanje arterijskog tlaka (AT), sniaeavanje razine paratiroidnog hormona (PTH) i poboljπanje kontrole glikemije (Tablica 1). Fiziologija vitamina DVitamin D se pojavljuje u dva oblika: vitamin D2 (ergokalciferol) i vitamin D3 (kolekalciferol). Vitamin D2 koji se nalazi u biljkama i kvascu, proizvod je djelovanja ultraljubiËastih zraka na ergosterol dok se vitamin D3 nalazi u masnoj ribi i ulju dobivenom iz bakalarove jetre te maslacu. Vrlo su male koliËine u mesu, kravljem i ljudskom mlijeku. Vitamin D iz hrane apsorbira se u tankom crijevu ovisno o apsorpciji lipida i hilomikronima prelazi u limfu i u krv te u jetru. OpÊenito se apsorbira 50% vitamina D uneπenog hranom (Slika 1).

Vitamin D Deficiency Among Medical Students in Osijek, Croatia

“…Vitamin D receptors are expressed in almost all cell types, which may explain the multiple actions of vitamin D on different tissues (4). Although the proportion of the role of vitamin D and its effects on non-skeletal health is still debatable, it is associated with regulation of the innate and adaptive immune systems, reduction of inflammation, cell proliferation and differentiation, insulin and glucose secretion regulation, preventive effects on cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and even antiaging effects (5)(6)(7)(8)(9). For most people, the primary source of vitamin D is skin exposure to ultraviolet radiation, specifically UVB rays, where 7dehydrocholesterol is converted to pre-vitamin D3 in the skin during exposure to UVB rays (10).…”