Vitamin D and activated vitamin D in tuberculosis in equatorial Malaysia: a prospective clinical study

Ralph, Anna P.; Ali, Muhammad Redzwan S. Rashid; William, Timothy; Piera, Kim A.; Parameswaran, Uma; Bird, Elspeth; Wilkes, Christopher S.; Lee, Wai Khew; Yeo, Tsin Wen; Anstey, Nicholas M.

doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2314-z

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(44 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Williams syndrome has high comorbidity with CD 101. Third, tuberculosis is associated with elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in plasma due to macrophage activation caused by the underlying bacterial infection 102. A population-based cohort study found that those with a prior history of tuberculosis are about 2.5-times more likely to be diagnosed with CD 103…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential risk factors for celiac disease in childhood: a case-control epidemiological survey

Bittker¹,

Bell²

2019

CEG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Celiac disease (CD) prevalence has increased significantly in recent decades in some developed countries. Yet the environmental factors in the existing literature do not appear to provide a satisfactory explanation for this increase. Objective: To determine whether nine variables are associated with CD in children. These variables are: incidence of ear infection before 2 years old, courses of antibiotics before 2 years old, duration of breastfeeding, vitamin D drop exposure in infancy, vitamin D supplement exposure between 2–3 years old, age at gluten introduction into the diet, fat content of cow’s milk consumed between 2–3 years old, quantity of cow’s milk consumed between 2–3 years old, and type of water consumed at 2 years old. Methods: An Internet-based survey was conducted among parents living in the US with at least one biological child between 3 and 12 years old. Potential participants were informed about the survey through social media, websites, electronic newsletters, and advertisements. Results: After exclusions, there remained 332 responses associated with children with CD (cases), and 241 responses associated with children who do not have CD (controls). In this data set, skim milk as the primary form of liquid cow’s milk consumed between 2–3 years old (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=3.556, CI=1.430–10.22, P =0.010), vitamin D drops administered for more than 3 months (aOR=1.749, CI=1.079–2.872, P =0.025), courses of antibiotics (aOR=1.133, CI=1.037–1.244, P =0.007), and incidence of ear infection (aOR=1.183, CI=1.041–1.348, P =0.010) are all associated with CD in children. Conclusions: This study is the first to find an association between skim milk consumption and CD and vitamin D drop use for greater than 3 months and CD. It also adds to evidence that early life exposure to antibiotics and early life infection, specifically ear infection, are associated with CD.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential risk factors for celiac disease in childhood: a case-control epidemiological survey

Bittker¹,

Bell²

2019

CEG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The nine disparate conditions in Table 1 include genetic conditions (Williams syndrome, Turner syndrome, and Klinefelter syndrome), 28,34,45 infectious diseases (sarcoidosis and tuberculosis), 36,40 and other non-infectious diseases (hypothyroidism, primary hyperparathyroidism, lymphoma, and polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS]). 31,38,42,47 The elevated plasma levels of 1,25(OH) 2 D observed in these nine conditions are caused by a variety of mechanisms.…”

Section: Conditions That Cause Elevated 125(oh) 2 D and Cd Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Levels of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D in Plasma as a Missing Risk Factor for Celiac Disease

Bittker¹

2020

CEG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The prevalence of celiac disease (CD) has increased significantly in some developed countries in recent decades. Potential risk factors that have been considered in the literature do not appear to provide a convincing explanation for this increase. This has led some researchers to hypothesize that there is a "missing environmental factor" that increases the risk of CD. Based on evidence from the literature, the author proposes that elevation in plasma levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH) 2 D] is a missing risk factor for CD, and relatedly that significant oral vitamin D exposure is a "missing environmental factor" for CD. First, elevated plasma levels of 1,25(OH) 2 D are common in CD, especially in the newly diagnosed. Second, nine distinct conditions that increase plasma levels of 1,25(OH) 2 D are either associated with CD or have indications of such an association in the literature. Third, a retrospective study shows that sustained oral vitamin D supplementation in infancy is associated with increased CD risk, and other studies on comorbid conditions support this association. Fourth, large doses of oral vitamin D upregulate many of the same cytokines, chemokines, and toll-like receptors that are upregulated in CD. Fifth, epidemiological evidence, such as the timing of the inception of a CD "epidemic" in Sweden, the increased prevalence of CD in Finland and the United States in recent decades, the unusually low prevalence of CD in Germany, and the differential in prevalence between Finnish Karelians and Russian Karelians, may all be explained by oral vitamin D exposure increasing CD risk. The same is true of some seemingly contradictory results in the literature on the effects of breastfeeding on CD risk. If future research validates this hypothesis, adjustments to oral vitamin D consumption among those who have genetic susceptibility may decrease the risk of CD in these individuals.

show abstract

“…The summary of study quality assessment is presented in Appendix Table 4). All of the included studies measured 25(OH)D levels using immunoassays, except for four studies that used chromatographic methods [49][50][51][52].…”

Section: Literature Search Results and Characteristics Of The Eligible Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D insufficiency is high in Malaysia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on vitamin D status in Malaysia

Saffian

Jamil

Tahir

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vitamin D plays an important role in the immune system and many non-communicable diseases. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency for the overall population of Malaysia is unknown. This study systematically reviewed and pooled studies that report vitamin D status from participants residing in Malaysia. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and MyJurnal were searched up to June 2021 without language restrictions. We include studies that reported the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and defined their cut-off for deficiency or insufficiency from healthy participants residing in Malaysia. Random effects model was used to pool vitamin D status using established cut-offs of < 30nmol/L, < 50nmol/L, and < 75nmol/L according to age group. We identified 203 studies, of which we included 31 studies in the meta-analysis. The pooled proportion for < 30nmol/L was 21% (95% CI 9–36, n = 2,438 from 10 studies), while the pooled proportion < 50nmol/L was 64% (95% CI 55–72, n = 13,927 from 29 studies), and < 75nmol/L was 85% (95% CI 61–100, n = 1,376 from 5 studies). Heterogeneity was high (I² ranged from 98–99%). Higher proportions of vitamin D insufficiency (defined as < 50nmol/L) were found in participants living in the urban areas (compared to rural areas), in females (compared to males), and in Malays and Malaysian Indians (compared to Malaysian Chinese) ethnicities. In conclusion, vitamin D insufficiency is highly prevalent in Malaysia, despite being a country that is close to the equator. We strongly urge prompt public health measures to improve the vitamin D status in Malaysia.

show abstract

Vitamin D and activated vitamin D in tuberculosis in equatorial Malaysia: a prospective clinical study

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

<p>Potential risk factors for celiac disease in childhood: a case-control epidemiological survey</p>

<p>Potential risk factors for celiac disease in childhood: a case-control epidemiological survey</p>

<p>Elevated Levels of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D in Plasma as a Missing Risk Factor for Celiac Disease</p>

Vitamin D insufficiency is high in Malaysia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on vitamin D status in Malaysia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About