Vitamin D alleviates oxidative stress in adipose tissue and mesenteric vessels from obese patients with subclinical inflammation

Abstract

Obesity is an age-independent, lifestyle-triggered, pandemic disease associated with both endothelial and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) dysfunction leading to cardiometabolic complications mediated via increased oxidative stress and persistent chronic inflammation. The purpose of the present study was to assess the oxidative stress in VAT and vascular samples and the effect of in vitro administration of vitamin D. VAT and mesenteric artery branches were harvested during abdominal surgery performed on patients referred for general surgery (n = 30) that were randomized into two subgroups: nonobese and obese. Serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and vitamin D were measured. Tissue samples were treated or not with the active form of vitamin D: 1,25(OH)2D3 (100 nmol/L, 12 h). The main findings are that in obese patients, (i) a low vitamin D status was associated with increased inflammatory markers and reactive oxygen species generation in VAT and vascular samples and (ii) in vitro incubation with vitamin D alleviated oxidative stress in VAT and vascular preparations and also improved the vascular function. We report here that the serum level of vitamin D is inversely correlated with the magnitude of oxidative stress in the adipose tissue. Ex vivo treatment with active vitamin D mitigated obesity-related oxidative stress.

Vitamin D and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD): An Update

“…In addition to representing the main storage site for vitamin D and expressing key enzymes involved in vitamin D metabolism, AT is also a primary target of vitamin D action, where this hormone modulates insulin-sensitivity, local inflammation, and adipokine secretion. Evidence from clinical [53] and experimental studies [54] showed that treatment with vitamin D improved AT oxidative stress [53] and local concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as the tumor necrosis factor α TNF-α and the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) [54]. Indeed, vitamin D ameliorates AT inflammation and prevents liver steatosis by reducing both AT output of lipid droplets and hepatic de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation [55].…”

Relationship between 25 Hydroxyvitamin D, Overweight/Obesity Status, Pro-Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Simplified Empirical Path Model

“…In addition, a negative association between serum 25(OH)D and several biomarkers of systemic inflammation has been reported by several authors [ 23 ], regardless of the total quantity of fat mass, whereas others have showed no relationship between these parameters, which points to the lack of involvement of 25(OH)D in the pro-inflammatory milieu in obese individuals [ 24 ]. Finally, vitamin D shortage seems to be associated with depleted antioxidant status [ 25 ] and increased reactive oxygen species generation [ 26 ]. Given this gap in the understanding of the relationship between vitamin D shortage and obesity, T2DM and the underlying abnormalities, the objectives of our study were: (i) to investigate whether the degree of overweight/obesity is associated with various 25(OH)D deficiency levels; (ii) to analyze the relationship between 25(OH)D status and overweight/obesity, IR, systemic inflammation and oxidative stress; and (iii) to explore whether this putative relationship is mediated by BMI as an indicator of overweight/obesity status in a group of patients with T2DM.…”

Evaluation of insulin resistance and vitamin D levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

“…Previous reports indicated that PCOS patients have lower vitamin D status compared to healthy subjects. 8,9 Moreover, It has been suggested that vitamin D deficiency may be associated with metabolic disorders in PCOS. 10,11 The association between vitamin D levels and IR since a causative relation from a pathological point of view cannot be given due to the study design.…”