Vitamin C for COVID-19: A living systematic review

Baladía, Eduard; Pizarro, Ana Beatriz; Ortiz-Muñoz, Luis E.; Rada, Gabriel

doi:10.5867/medwave.2020.06.7978

Cited by 29 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…T-lymphocytes and NK cells play an important role in the immune response against viral infections, inhibiting reactive oxygen species production, and remodulating the cytokine network in systemic inflammatory syndrome. Vitamin C boosts immunity by stimulating IFN production, stimulating lymphocyte proliferation, and enhancing the neutrophil phagocytic capability [132][133][134][135]. Vitamin C is currently under clinical trials for reducing mortality in critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 (Table 1).…”

Section: Baricitinibmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19: Characteristics and Therapeutics

Chilamakuri

Agarwal

2021

Cells

205

197

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Novel coronavirus (COVID-19 or 2019-nCoV or SARS-CoV-2), which suddenly emerged in December 2019 is still haunting the entire human race and has affected not only the healthcare system but also the global socioeconomic balances. COVID-19 was quickly designated as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization as there have been about 98.0 million confirmed cases and about 2.0 million confirmed deaths, as of January 2021. Although, our understanding of COVID-19 has significantly increased since its outbreak, and multiple treatment approaches and pharmacological interventions have been tested or are currently under development to mitigate its risk-factors. Recently, some vaccine candidates showed around 95% clinical efficacy, and now receiving emergency use approvals in different countries. US FDA recently approved BNT162 and mRNA-1273 vaccines developed by Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna Inc. for emergency use and vaccination in the USA. In this review, we present a succinct overview of the SARS-CoV-2 virus structure, molecular mechanisms of infection, COVID-19 epidemiology, diagnosis, and clinical manifestations. We also systematize different treatment strategies and clinical trials initiated after the pandemic outbreak, based on viral infection and replication mechanisms. Additionally, we reviewed the novel pharmacological intervention approaches and vaccine development strategies against COVID-19. We speculate that the current pandemic emergency will trigger detailed studies of coronaviruses, their mechanism of infection, development of systematic drug repurposing approaches, and novel drug discoveries for current and future pandemic outbreaks.

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Section: Baricitinibmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19: Characteristics and Therapeutics

Chilamakuri

Agarwal

2021

Cells

205

197

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“…including B1, C (Ascorbic acid), D, E and Omega-3, minerals such as magnesium and manganese and herb like thyme play an important role on the innate system under the virus infection [15]. The study suggests the need to diet with the higher content of Vitamin C [16] and Vitamin B-Complex micro-nutrients to manage this pandemic successfully [17]. Due to anti-inflammatory properties, zinc has been suggested to limit the cytokine storm [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Unravelling Vitamins as Wonder Molecules for Covid-19 Management via Structure-based Virtual Screening

Pandya

Shah

Menamadathil

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The emergence situation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has realised the global scientific communities to develop strategies for immediate priorities and long-term approaches for utilization of existing knowledge and resources which can be diverted to pandemic preparedness planning. Lack of proper vaccine candidate and therapeutic management has accelerated the researchers to repurpose the existing drugs with known preclinical and toxicity profiles, which can easily enter Phase 3 or 4 or can be used directly in clinical settings. We focused to justify even exploration of supplements, nutrients and vitamins to dampen the disease burden of the current pandemic may play a crucial role for its management. We have explored structure based virtual screening of 15 vitamins against non-structural (NSP3, NSP5, ORF7a, NSP12, ORF3a), structural (Spike & Hemagglutinin esterase) and host protein furin. The in silico analysis exhibited that vitamin B12, Vitamin B9, Vitamin D3 determined suitable binding while vitamin B15 manifested remarkable H-bond interactions with all targets. Vitamin B12 bestowed the lowest energies with human furin and SARS-COV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase. Furin mediated cleavage of the viral spike glycoprotein is directly related to enhanced virulence of SARS-CoV-2. In contrast to these, vitamin B12 showed zero affinity with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. These upshots intimate that Vitamin B12 could be the wonder molecule to shrink the virulence by hindering the furin mediated entry of spike to host cell. These identified molecules may effectively assist in SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic management to boost the immunity by inhibiting the virus imparting relief in lung inflammation.

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“…The duration and severity of common cold has been shown to be reduced by a high dose of vitamin C and D supplements in patients ( 70 , 71 ). Vitamin C has been included in at least 20 clinical studies to evaluate its efficacy in treating COVID-19 patients ( 72 ). Another ongoing trial is assessing the efficacy of vitamin A, B, C, D and E supplements on the improvement and mortality in COVID-19 patients ( 73 ).…”

Section: Natural Products As Immunomodulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal Plants and Isolated Molecules Demonstrating Immunomodulation Activity as Potential Alternative Therapies for Viral Diseases Including COVID-19

et al. 2021

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Plants have been extensively studied since ancient times and numerous important chemical constituents with tremendous therapeutic potential are identified. Attacks of microorganisms including viruses and bacteria can be counteracted with an efficient immune system and therefore, stimulation of body’s defense mechanism against infections has been proven to be an effective approach. Polysaccharides, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, and lactones are the important phytochemicals, reported to be primarily responsible for immunomodulation activity of the plants. These phytochemicals may act as lead molecules for the development of safe and effective immunomodulators as potential remedies for the prevention and cure of viral diseases. Natural products are known to primarily modulate the immune system in nonspecific ways. A number of plant-based principles have been identified and isolated with potential immunomodulation activity which justify their use in traditional folklore medicine and can form the basis of further specified research. The aim of the current review is to describe and highlight the immunomodulation potential of certain plants along with their bioactive chemical constituents. Relevant literatures of recent years were searched from commonly employed scientific databases on the basis of their ethnopharmacological use. Most of the plants displaying considerable immunomodulation activity are summarized along with their possible mechanisms. These discussions shall hopefully elicit the attention of researchers and encourage further studies on these plant-based immunomodulation products as potential therapy for the management of infectious diseases, including viral ones such as COVID-19.

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Vitamin C for COVID-19: A living systematic review

Cited by 29 publications

References 29 publications

COVID-19: Characteristics and Therapeutics

COVID-19: Characteristics and Therapeutics

Unravelling Vitamins as Wonder Molecules for Covid-19 Management via Structure-based Virtual Screening

Medicinal Plants and Isolated Molecules Demonstrating Immunomodulation Activity as Potential Alternative Therapies for Viral Diseases Including COVID-19

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