Vitamin C and sodium bicarbonate enhance the antioxidant ability of H9C2 cells and induce HSPs to relieve heat stress

Abstract

Heat stress is exacerbated by global warming and affects human and animal health, leading to heart damage caused by imbalances in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant system, acid-base chemistry, electrolytes and respiratory alkalosis. Vitamin C scavenges excess ROS, and sodium bicarbonate maintains acid-base and electrolyte balance, and alleviates respiratory alkalosis. Herein, we explored the ability of vitamin C alone and in combination with equimolar sodium bicarbonate (Vitamin C-Na) to stimulate endogenous antioxidants and heat shock proteins (HSPs) to relieve heat stress in H9C2 cells. Control, vitamin C (20 μg/ml vitamin C for 16 h) and vitamin C-Na (20 μg/ml vitamin C-Na for 16 h) groups were heat-stressed for 1, 3 or 5 h. Granular and vacuolar degeneration, karyopyknosis and damage to nuclei and mitochondria were clearly reduced in treatment groups, as were apoptosis, lactate dehydrogenase activity and ROS and malondialdehyde levels, while superoxide dismutase activity was increased. Additionally, CRYAB, Hsp27, Hsp60 and Hsp70 mRNA levels were upregulated at 3 h (p < 0.01), and protein levels were increased for CRYAB at 0 h (p < 0.05) and 1 h (p < 0.01), and for Hsp70 at 3 and 5 h (p < 0.01). Thus, pre-treatment with vitamin C or vitamin C-Na might protect H9C2 cells against heat damage by enhancing the antioxidant ability and upregulating CRYAB and Hsp70.

Vitamin C mitigates heat damage by reducing oxidative stress, inducing HSP expression in TM4 Sertoli cells

“…However, supplementation with Vc significantly reduced apoptosis by nearly 4% and 7% at 3 and 12 hr, respectively, compared with the same timepoint in the heat stress group without Vc‐pretreatment. This result confirms our cytopathological examination and the findings of previous studies (An, Li, & Zhang, ; Yin et al, ).…”

“…Surprisingly, the expression of CryAB was significantly increased following heat exposure in the Vc-treated groups, suggesting that supplementation with Vc can induce CryAB expression. However, compared with the previous study in the affection of hyperthermia in H9C2 cells (Yin et al, 2018), the expression of HSPs in TM4 cells is far different from H9C2 cells, which are derived from rat myocardium.…”

“…It is well known that Vc is an essential nutrient that is able to scavenge free radicals, inhibit lipid peroxidation, and retard ROS‐induced cellular damage (Angulo et al, ; Imik et al, ; Sahin et al, ; Yin et al, ). In addition, pharmacological doses of Vc administered intravenously exhibits the potent anticancer activity (Chen, Espey, et al, ; Hoffer et al, ; Padayatty et al, ; Padayatty et al, ).…”

Evaluation of Yellow Mealworm Meal as a Protein Feedstuff in the Diet of Broiler Chicks

“…The reduced TP level in our study could be because of the difference in the inclusion level of MWM in the diet, and a higher level of MWM decreased the blood TP level. MDA and T-AOC are the indicator of oxidative stress [40,41], and CRE is the indicator of kidney functioning [42]. Lipid peroxidation causes fluctuation in the MDA, T-AOC, and CRE level [43][44][45].…”

Ginkgo biloba extract EGB761 improved anti-heat stress responses in chickens in vivo via regulation of heat-shock protein expression and distribution

“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the application of EGB761 as an anti-heat stress agent in chickens. Under heat stress, granule degeneration in cells is caused by abnormal protein metabolization, leading to dysfunction of organelles such as mitochondria and finally to cellular necrosis [22,23]. Synthesis and function of protein is mainly regulated by heat shock proteins.…”