Vitamin B&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt; and Vitamin C Status in Elderly Patients with Infections during Hospitalization

Pfitzenmeyer, P.; Guilland, J. C.; d'Athis, P

doi:10.1159/000178005

Cited by 12 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Ascorbate serves as an electron donor, transmitting hydrogen to various acceptors and thereby directly interfering with ROS (Frei et al, 1989). Through the regeneration of ␣-tocopherol, ascorbate can also indirectly contribute to the prevention of lipid peroxidation (Burton and Ingold, 1989), thus explaining why oxidative stress leads in vivo and in vitro to a rapid depletion of extracellular ascorbate (Mendiratta et al, 1998;Pfitzenmeyer et al, 1997). Transferrin as well as lactoferrin bind free Fe 2ϩ ions thus preventing their participation in generating hydroxyl radicals (Halliwell and Gutteridge, 1990).…”

Section: Extracellular Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress in phagocytes—“The enemy within”

Splettstoesser

Schuff‐Werner

2002

Microscopy Res & Technique

113

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Phagocytes represent a powerful defense system against invading microorganisms that threaten the life or functional integrity of the host. The capacity to generate and release substantial amounts of reactive oxygen species is a unique property of activated polymorphonuclear and mononuclear phagocytes. The crucial role of these molecules in killing microorganisms and their consecutive contribution to tissue damage during injury and inflammation is widely known. Although much research has been done to explore the molecular events involved in the interaction of oxygen intermediates with microbes or host tissue, surprisingly little attention has been paid to the effect of reactive metabolites on the phagocyte itself. This fact is especially surprising, since it is apparent that the activated phagocyte is directly exposed to its own toxic metabolites. The potential damage occurring during excessive radical formation might notably alter the vital functions of these primarily immunocompetent cells. Moreover, the critical role of oxygen radicals in apoptosis of leukocytes has been recently revealed. Apoptosis is now supposed to represent a key mechanism in neutrophil deactivation and resolution of inflammation. Therefore, this review will focus on the delicate balance between released oxidants and antioxidative protection within the phagocytes themselves. General and phagocyte-specific antioxidative mechanisms, which have co-evolved with the radical generating machinery of phagocytes, are discussed, since the outcome of local inflammation can directly depend on this antioxidative capacity and might range from adequate elimination of the pathogen with minimal acute tissue damage to progression towards a systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

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Section: Extracellular Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress in phagocytes—“The enemy within”

Splettstoesser

Schuff‐Werner

2002

Microscopy Res & Technique

113

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“…Increased free radical production and lipid peroxidation and decreased antioxidant capacity may occur during critical illness, the combination of which would result in multiple organ failure [4, 5]. Our previous studies [6, 7] and others [8–10] have reported lower and compromised vitamin B-6 status in hospitalized and critically ill patients. Stress, inflammation, and clinical conditions may increase the utilization and metabolic turnover of vitamin B-6 and lower its body pool.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher Plasma Pyridoxal Phosphate Is Associated with Increased Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Critically Ill Surgical Patients

Cheng

Huang

Chiang

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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Critically ill patients experience severe stress, inflammation and clinical conditions which may increase the utilization and metabolic turnover of vitamin B-6 and may further increase their oxidative stress and compromise their antioxidant capacity. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between vitamin B-6 status (plasma and erythrocyte PLP) oxidative stress, and antioxidant capacities in critically ill surgical patients. Thirty-seven patients in surgical intensive care unit of Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, were enrolled. The levels of plasma and erythrocyte PLP, serum malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, and antioxidant enzyme activities (i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase) were determined on the 1st and 7th days of admission. Plasma PLP was positively associated with the mean SOD activity level on day 1 (r = 0.42, P < 0.05), day 7 (r = 0.37, P < 0.05), and on changes (Δ (day 7 − day 1)) (r = 0.56, P < 0.01) after adjusting for age, gender, and plasma C-reactive protein concentration. Higher plasma PLP could be an important contributing factor in the elevation of antioxidant enzyme activity in critically ill surgical patients.

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“…Several studies (Potera et al, 1977;Vir & Love, 1978;Louw et al, 1992;Pfitzenmeyer et al, 1997) have reported lower vitamin B6 status in hospitalized patients. Potera et al (1977) reported that advanced breast cancer patients had significantly lower plasma PLP levels than healthy women of similar age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin B6 intakes and status of mechanically ventilated critically ill patients in Taiwan

Huang¹,

Ph²,

Chen³

et al. 2002

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To assess vitamin B6 intake and status of critically ill patients. The relationship between vitamin B6 status indicators and the severity of illness and outcome in these patients was also examined. Design: Prospective clinical study. Setting: The study was performed at the Taichung Veteran General Hospital, in the central part of Taiwan. Subjects: Ninety-four patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) entered the study and 46 patients successfully completed this study. Interventions: No intervention. Main outcome measures: Vitamin B6 intake was recorded for 14 days. Vitamin B6 status was assessed by direct measures (plasma pyridoxal 5 0 -phosphate (PLP), pyridoxal (PL), and urinary 4-pyridoxic acid (4-PA)) and indirect measures (erythrocyte alanine (EALT-AC) and aspartate (EAST-AC) aminotransaminase activity coefficient). The severity of illness (APACHE II score), the length of ventilation dependency, and the length of ICU and hospital stay were recorded. Results: Patients had an adequate mean vitamin B6 intake (16.26 AE 19.39 mg) during the 14 day study. Mean vitamin B6 intake was significantly higher on day 14 than on day 1 (P < 0.001). However, plasma PLP and PL concentrations significantly decreased at the 14th day after admission (P < 0.05). Erythrocyte alanine aminotransaminase activity coefficient and EAST-AC did not change significantly. Urinary 4-PA significantly increased at the 14th day (P < 0.001). No significant relationships were found between APACHE II scores and clinical outcomes (the length of ICU and hospital stay, the length of ventilation dependency) of patients, vitamin B6 intake or status indicators. Conclusions: Critically ill patients received nutritional support in the ICU, and had sufficient mean vitamin B6 intake and adequate vitamin B6 status. Therefore, the severity of illness and the results should not be affected by vitamin B6 status. However, we have noted that plasma PLP and PL concentrations significantly decreased while vitamin B6 intake significantly increased on day 14. Critical clinical conditions and complex metabolism in the critically ill may account for the reduction of plasma PLP and PL. Since vitamin B6 deficiency causes profound effects on immune system function, dietary or supplemented vitamin B6 intake is suggested for hospitalized patients.

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Vitamin B<sub>6</sub> and Vitamin C Status in Elderly Patients with Infections during Hospitalization

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Oxidative stress in phagocytes—“The enemy within”

Oxidative stress in phagocytes—“The enemy within”

Higher Plasma Pyridoxal Phosphate Is Associated with Increased Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Critically Ill Surgical Patients

Vitamin B6 intakes and status of mechanically ventilated critically ill patients in Taiwan

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