Vitamin A supplementation improves the intestinal mucosal barrier and facilitates the expression of tight junction proteins in rats with diarrhea

Xiao, Lü; Cui, Ting; Shu, Liu; Chen, Baolin; Wang, Yuting; Yang, Ting; Li, Tingyu; Chen, Jie

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2018.06.007

Cited by 61 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Intestinal permeability can be evaluated by some blood indexes such as DAO activity and D-lactic acid concentration, which are considered as quantitative and sensitive circulating markers for monitoring the degree of intestinal barrier damage [3]. DAO is a highly active intracellular enzyme existing in mammalian intestinal villi cells, and it will be released into the blood when intestinal epithelial cells and barriers are damaged [34]. Similarly, D-lactic acid is a bacterial metabolite existing in the intestinal lumen and permeates into the blood when the intestinal barrier is damaged [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tannic acid prevents post-weaning diarrhea by improving intestinal barrier integrity and function in weaned piglets

Song

et al. 2020

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background: Tannic acid (TA) is potential to reduce diarrhea in weaning pigs, but knowledge about the influence of TA on intestinal barrier integrity and function is still scarce. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary TA supplementation on growth performance, diarrhea rate, intestinal barrier integrity and function of weaned pigs. Methods: A total of 108 crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) piglets, with an initial average body weight of 6.60 ± 0.27 kg, were allotted to 3 groups (6 pigs/pen and 6 replicates/group) in a randomized complete block design according to their gender and body weight. Piglets were fed the basal diet with 0 (control, CON), 0.2% and 1.0% TA, respectively. The trial lasted for 28 d. Results: Compared with the CON group, dietary 0.2% and 1.0% TA supplementation didn't affect ADFI, ADG and F: G (P > 0.05), but reduced diarrhea rate, diarrhea index and diarrhea score of piglets (P < 0.05), reduced diamine oxidase (DAO) activity and D-lactic acid concentration in serum (P < 0.01). The higher occludin expression and localization were observed in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum after supplementation with 0.2% or 1.0% TA (P < 0.05). Adding 0.2% TA to diet significantly decreased crypt depth, increased villus height/crypt depth ratio in the duodenum (P < 0.05), and dietary 1.0% TA tended to decrease crypt depth (P < 0.10) and significantly decreased villus height (P < 0.05) of the ileum. Moreover, lower malondialdehyde content in the ileum was detected in the pigs fed 1.0% TA (P < 0.05). In the duodenum, both 0.2% and 1.0% TA groups had higher occludin (OCLN) mRNA and 0.2% TA group had higher zonula occludens-2 (ZO-2) level (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, dietary 1.0% TA supplementation tended to up-regulate OCLN mRNA levels in the jejunum (P < 0.10) and 0.2% TA supplementation tended to up-regulate zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) mRNA levels in the ileum (P < 0.10). Conclusion: In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 0.2% or 1.0% TA could effectively alleviate postweaning diarrhea without altering growth performance in weaned piglets, which might be achieved by improving intestinal barrier integrity and function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tannic acid prevents post-weaning diarrhea by improving intestinal barrier integrity and function in weaned piglets

Song

et al. 2020

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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“…Zonulin inhibitor Larazotide acetate featured an upcoming result in celiac disease; however, safety and efficacy of Larazotide need to be determined by large clinical trials ( 7 ). Besides conventional treatments, several nutritional compounds including Colostrum bovinum ( 8 ), Apple-Derived Pectin ( 9 ), vitamins A and D ( 10 ) have been found to modulate the epithelial barrier by reducing serum levels of zonulin. Probiotic (live microorganisms) and synbiotic (containing probiotic strains and prebiotics including inulin, starch, and fructooligosaccharides) are promising groups of nutraceuticals that affect intestinal permeability through alterations in expression of tight junction proteins ( 11 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Probiotic/Synbiotic on Serum Level of Zonulin as a Biomarker of Intestinal Permeability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ahmadi¹,

Sadeghian²,

Alipour³

et al. 2020

ijph

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Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to obtain a conclusive result on the influence of probiotics/synbiotic on serum levels of zonulin. Data related to serum levels of zonulin were extracted to determine the effects of probiotic/synbiotic on intestinal permeability. Methods: The literature search was conducted across the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Scopus and ISI Web of Science, Search up to Nov 2018. Clinical trials evaluating the effect of probiotic/synbiotic on serum zonulin levels of all human subjects were included. Results: Nine studies (including 496 intervention and 443 control subjects) met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. According to the meta-analysis, probiotic/synbiotic has a significant effect on serum zonulin reduction (WMD=-10.55 [95% CI: -17.76, -3.34]; P=0.004). However, the high level of heterogeneity was observed among the studies (I2=97.8, P<0.001). The subgroup analysis suggested study quality, blinding, study duration, Participants age, subject's health status and supplement type as sources of heterogeneity. Conclusion: Probiotic/synbiotic have favorable effects on serum levels of zonulin as a measure of intestinal permeability. However, the results should be interpreted with caution due to the high heterogeneity and further evidence is required before definitive recommendations can be made.

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“…Diets with restriction in VA in animal models cause an impairment in the architecture and tight junctions barrier in the cells of the small intestine. This damage involves villi and it is characterised by a decrease in amount of tight junction proteins, such as Zonula Occludens-1, occludin and claudin-1 (91) . It is well known that retinoic acid modulates the expression of several cellular gene programmes via the activation of the nuclear RA receptors (RAR).…”

Section: Summarises the Chemical Structures Of Vitamins A D And Ementioning

confidence: 99%

The rationale for a multi-step therapeutic approach based on antivirals, drugs and nutrients with immunomodulatory activity in patients with coronavirus-SARS2-induced disease of different severities

et al. 2020

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In December 2019, a novel human-infecting coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, has been recognized to cause a pneumonia epidemic outbreak with different degree of severity in Wuhan, Hubei Province in China. Since then this epidemic spread worldwide in Europe, and Italy also have been involved. Effective preventive and therapeutic strategies are absolutely required to block this serious public health concern. Unfortunately, few studies about SARS-CoV-2 concerning its immunopathogenesis and treatment are available. On the basis of the assumption that the SARS-CoV-2 is genetically related to SARS-CoV (about 82% of genome homology) and that its characteristics, like the modality of transmission or the type of the immune response it may stimulate, are still poor-known, a literature search was performed to identify the reports assessing these elements in patients with SARS-CoV-induced infection. Therefore, we have analyzed: 1) the structure of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV; 2) the clinical signs and symptoms and pathogenic mechanisms observed during the development of acute respiratory syndrome and the Cytokine Release Syndrome; 3) the modification of the cell microRNome and of the immune response in patients with SARS infection; 4) the possible role of some liposoluble compounds (such as vitamin A, D and E) in modulating directly or indirectly the replication ability of SARS-CoV-2 and host immune response.

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Vitamin A supplementation improves the intestinal mucosal barrier and facilitates the expression of tight junction proteins in rats with diarrhea

Cited by 61 publications

References 33 publications

Tannic acid prevents post-weaning diarrhea by improving intestinal barrier integrity and function in weaned piglets

Tannic acid prevents post-weaning diarrhea by improving intestinal barrier integrity and function in weaned piglets

The Effects of Probiotic/Synbiotic on Serum Level of Zonulin as a Biomarker of Intestinal Permeability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The rationale for a multi-step therapeutic approach based on antivirals, drugs and nutrients with immunomodulatory activity in patients with coronavirus-SARS2-induced disease of different severities

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