Vitamin A supplementation and bronchopulmonary dysplasia—revisited

Shenai, Jayant P.; Rush, Margaret; Stahlman, Mildred T.; Chytil, Frank

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)81793-7

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The RAR␣/␤2 double knockout results in agenesis of the left lung and hypoplasia of the right lung (Mendelsohn et al, 1994). In addition, there is evidence to suggest that maternal-fetal transmission of retinol and/or retinoic acid is involved in lung maturation in the human fetus (reviewed in Chytil, 1992;Shenai et al, 1992). Attempts to elucidate the mechanisms of action of retinoic acid in lung development have focused on organ culture of the rat lung as a model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of theHoxa4 andHoxa5 genes in the embryonic mouse lung by retinoic acid and TGF?1: Implications for lung development and patterning

Packer¹,

Mailutha²,

Ambrozewicz³

et al. 2000

Dev. Dyn.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of theHoxa4 andHoxa5 genes in the embryonic mouse lung by retinoic acid and TGF?1: Implications for lung development and patterning

Packer¹,

Mailutha²,

Ambrozewicz³

et al. 2000

Dev. Dyn.

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“…RA also attenuated the oxygen-induced inhibition of alveolarization in rats reared during the period of septation in a hyperoxic environment (18). Retinol has shown promise in reducing pulmonary dysfunction in a lamb model of preterm lung injury (19) and in clinical studies of preterm human infants susceptible to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin A combined with retinoic acid increases retinol uptake and lung retinyl ester formation in a synergistic manner in neonatal rats

Ross

Ambalavanan

Zolfaghari

et al. 2006

Journal of Lipid Research

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Vitamin A (VA) is stored in tissues predominantly as retinyl esters (REs), which provide substrate for the production of bioactive retinoids. Retinoic acid (RA), a principal metabolite, has been shown to induce postnatal lung development. To better understand lung RE storage, we compared VA (given as retinyl palmitate), RA, and a nutrient-metabolite combination, VARA, given orally on postnatal days 5-7, for their ability to increase lung RE in neonatal rats. VARA increased lung RE significantly [z14, 2.4, 2.1, and ,1 nmol/g for VARA, VA, RA, and control (C), respectively; P , 0.001]; the increase by VARA was more than additive compared with the effects of VA and RA alone. Lung histology and morphometry were unchanged. In a 6 h metabolic study, providing [ In conclusion, VARA, a 10:1 nutrientmetabolite combination, increased lung RE significantly compared with VA alone and could be a promising therapeutic option for enhancing the delivery of VA to the lungs.-Ross, A. C., N. Ambalavanan, R. Zolfaghari, and N-q. Li. Vitamin A combined with retinoic acid increases retinol uptake and lung retinyl ester formation in a synergistic manner in neonatal rats. Retinyl esters (REs) are the most abundant form of vitamin A (VA) in most tissues (1). The hydrolysis of RE generates retinol, which, through oxidative metabolism, yields retinoic acid (RA) (2), a retinoid hormone capable of activating nuclear retinoid receptors and thereby inducing or repressing the transcription of many genes (3-5). Among its many physiological actions, RA regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell-cell interactions (6). For the lungs, retinoids are essential for normal morphogenesis in the fetal period, for maturation and remodeling in the perinatal and postnatal periods, and for maintenance of the fully matured lungs (7-10). In humans, the lungs undergo septation of the thick-walled air saccules in the perinatal period, beginning at approximately week 28 of gestation, with a 2-to 4-fold increase in the gas exchange surface area by weeks 30-40 (7, 11, 12). In rats and mice, septation and the formation of pulmonary alveoli occur mainly in the first 2 weeks of postnatal life (7,10,(12)(13)(14). Whereas a deficiency of dietary VA for 6 weeks resulted in an increased size of rat lung airspaces and reduced elastin in the parenchyma (15), the administration of RA to neonatal rats from postnatal day 3 to 14 increased the septation of the lungs (16,17). RA also attenuated the oxygen-induced inhibition of alveolarization in rats reared during the period of septation in a hyperoxic environment (18). Retinol has shown promise in reducing pulmonary dysfunction in a lamb model of preterm lung injury (19) and in clinical studies of preterm human infants susceptible to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25).The neonatal rodent is a useful model in which to study the biochemical and morphological development of the lungs in the perinatal period. Previous studies have characterized the ontogeny of RE storage in the lungs and liver...

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“…These data suggest that in patients with mild COPD, a local vitamin A deficiency can occur that induces pathophysiologic consequences such as narrowing of the lumina and loss of distensibility of the airways. 26 Paiva et al2 reported that vitamin A supplementation increased FEV 1 in COPD. COPD is being recognized as a general disorder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional deficits in elderly smokers with respiratory symptoms that do not fulfill the criteria for COPD

Obase¹,

Mouri²,

Shimizu³

et al. 2011

COPD

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Background and objectiveWhereas nutrition deficits are recognized as an expression of systemic inflammation in the elderly with diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), if they occur in symptomatic elderly smokers, unfulfilled COPD criteria are not confirmed.MethodsRespiratory function, anthropometry assessment, and diet intake evaluation of 13 COPD patients (COPD group), ten symptomatic elderly smokers (SYSM group), and 27 healthy volunteers (control group) were compared. All were 70 years old or older.ResultsThe SYSM group had lower body weight, body mass index, percentage ideal body weight, body fat percentage, arm muscle circumference, tricep skin fold thickness, serum albumin, prealbumin, and transferrin than the control group and were similar to the COPD group (P < 0.05 each and nonsignificant each). Resting energy expenditure was no different among the groups. Intake of energy, vitamins (A, B1, B2, and C), calcium, iron, fiber, and sodium was also lower in the SYSM group than in the control group (P < 0.05 all) and was similar to the COPD group.ConclusionElderly smokers who are symptomatic but who do not fulfill the COPD diagnostic criteria have nutritional deficits related to insufficient energy intake that are similar to those seen in COPD patients.

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Vitamin A supplementation and bronchopulmonary dysplasia—revisited

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Regulation of theHoxa4 andHoxa5 genes in the embryonic mouse lung by retinoic acid and TGF?1: Implications for lung development and patterning

Regulation of theHoxa4 andHoxa5 genes in the embryonic mouse lung by retinoic acid and TGF?1: Implications for lung development and patterning

Vitamin A combined with retinoic acid increases retinol uptake and lung retinyl ester formation in a synergistic manner in neonatal rats

Nutritional deficits in elderly smokers with respiratory symptoms that do not fulfill the criteria for COPD

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