Vitamin A Intoxication from Reef Fish Liver Consumption in Bermuda

Dewailly, Éric; Rouja, Philippe Max; Schultz, Eric T.; Julien, Pierre; Tucker, Taaja R.

doi:10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-10-566

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The content of vitamin A in various shark liver oils reaches similar values. A significant amount of the vitamin is also found in fish eggs, where the amount is comparable to chicken egg yolks [ 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 ]. Chicken egg yolks can contain up to almost one milligram of vitamin A per 100 mg.…”

Section: Sources Of Vitamin Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin A Update: Forms, Sources, Kinetics, Detection, Function, Deficiency, Therapeutic Use and Toxicity

et al. 2021

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Vitamin A is a group of vital micronutrients widely present in the human diet. Animal-based products are a rich source of the retinyl ester form of the vitamin, while vegetables and fruits contain carotenoids, most of which are provitamin A. Vitamin A plays a key role in the correct functioning of multiple physiological functions. The human organism can metabolize natural forms of vitamin A and provitamin A into biologically active forms (retinol, retinal, retinoic acid), which interact with multiple molecular targets, including nuclear receptors, opsin in the retina and, according to the latest research, also some enzymes. In this review, we aim to provide a complex view on the present knowledge about vitamin A ranging from its sources through its physiological functions to consequences of its deficiency and metabolic fate up to possible pharmacological administration and potential toxicity. Current analytical methods used for its detection in real samples are included as well.

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Section: Sources Of Vitamin Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin A Update: Forms, Sources, Kinetics, Detection, Function, Deficiency, Therapeutic Use and Toxicity

et al. 2021

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“…1,2 One gram of fish liver usually contains between 100 and 150 μg of vitamin A, 2 but levels measured in the Bahamas and in Taiwan in liver from different species of fish were much higher, reaching up to 5000 μg·g -1 liver. 4,8,10 A 12-y-old child would only need to eat 3 g of liver to be poisoned.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some patients have vesicles or blisters and even hair loss. 4,7,9,10 Biological disorders such as hypercalcemia, high levels of hepatic enzymes, increased prothrombin time, and anemia have been reported. 1,11 Treatment is mainly supportive using analgesics, fluids by infusion, and medical monitoring for signs of raised intracranial pressure because functional neurological prognosis may be at stake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Native inhabitants of the polar regions are aware of this risk and are careful about the amounts of liver they eat from the polar bears or seals they hunt. [4][5][6] In some Asian cultures, fish liver is eaten frequently, and cases of poisoning in these regions have been reported within the last few years after ingestion of red snapper, grouper, seerfish, or wreckfish. 5,[7][8][9][10][11] Fish liver is also eaten in mainland and overseas France, sometimes leading to toxicity, as is illustrated in these cases attended through telephone calls by toxicologists at the poison control center in Marseille (PCCM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Native inhabitants of the polar regions are aware of this risk and are careful about the amounts of liver they eat from the polar bears or seals they hunt. 4 -6 In some Asian cultures, fish liver is eaten frequently, and cases of poisoning in these regions have been reported within the last few years after ingestion of red snapper, grouper, seerfish, or wreckfish. 5,7 -11…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypervitaminosis A Following the Ingestion of Fish Liver: Report on 3 Cases from the Poison Control Center in Marseille

Schmitt

Domangé

Torrents

et al. 2020

Wilderness & Environmental Medicine

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In European countries, vitamin A toxicity is most often the result of an excessive intake of vitamin supplements and rarely the consequence of the ingestion of a large carnivorous fish liver. We report 3 cases of vitamin A poisoning after fish liver ingestion in mainland and overseas France. The patients were a 12-y-old girl, a 36-y-old pregnant woman, and a 62-y-old man. They experienced headache, nausea, emesis, and desquamation. Laboratory examination showed a high serum retinol level in the girl. The woman's pregnancy progressed to a miscarriage. This case series shows that this kind of poisoning is not restricted to the polar regions. In patients presenting with flushing combined with signs of intracranial hypertension, accurate questioning of the patient's diet is crucial to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary examinations. Pregnant women or women of child-bearing age should be informed of the risk to pregnancy in the case of excessive fish liver ingestion.

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Development of vitamin K analysis method using column switching high-performance liquid chromatography method and analysis results of various food items for vitamin K content

Tanaka,

Tanaka

2024

Food Anal. Methods

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In this study, we developed a column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with fluorescence detection for the analysis of vitamin K. Column-switching is accomplished by changing the direction of flow using a switching valve with a set time program. Using this method, three vitamin K, phylloquinone (PK), menaquinone-4 (MK-4), and menaquinone-7 (MK-7), were separated and identified with high sensitivity, and impurities were eliminated. This method was used to determine the vitamin K content in meat, fish meat, snails, bivalves, sea urchins, seaweeds, vegetables, tea, soy products, milk products, and supplements. The results showed that chicken showed the highest content of MK-4 (15.35 ± 0.35 μg/100 g), matcha showed the highest content of PK (3069.66±80.10 μg/100 g), and dried natto showed the highest content of MK-7 (3997.57±79.42 μg/100 g). This method can also be used to analyze vitamin K in supplements and pharmaceuticals. The results of this study revealed that different manufacturers add different types of vitamin K to their commercial supplements and infant formulas. The developed method provides highly reproducible and quantitative results and allows for the rapid analysis of the three vitamin K types. Thus, the method developed in this study may aid the sequential analysis of vitamin K in different samples to assess food nutrients.

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Vitamin A Intoxication from Reef Fish Liver Consumption in Bermuda

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Vitamin A Update: Forms, Sources, Kinetics, Detection, Function, Deficiency, Therapeutic Use and Toxicity

Vitamin A Update: Forms, Sources, Kinetics, Detection, Function, Deficiency, Therapeutic Use and Toxicity

Hypervitaminosis A Following the Ingestion of Fish Liver: Report on 3 Cases from the Poison Control Center in Marseille

Development of vitamin K analysis method using column switching high-performance liquid chromatography method and analysis results of various food items for vitamin K content

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