Vitamin A deficiency during pregnancy of HIV infected and non-infected women in tropical settings of Northwest Ethiopia

Mulu, Andargachew; Kassu, Afework; Huruy, Kahsay; Tegene, Birhanemeskel; Yitayaw, Gashaw; Nakamori, Masayo; Nhien, Nguyen Van; Bekele, Assegedech; Wondimhun, Yared; Yamamoto, Shigeru; Ota, Fusao

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-569

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, the full extent of the problem in pregnant women is not clearly known as most of the studies were carried on preschool children. Although, WHO estimated 13.2% prevalence of VAD in pregnant women in Ethiopia (WHO, 2009), the available three studies (Wondmikun, 2005;Gibson et al, 2008;Mulu et al, 2011) conducted in the southern and north-western part of the country reported higher prevalence figures ranging from 17 to 27%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of pro-vitamin A and energy rich biscuits: Blending of orange-fleshed sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L.) with wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour and altering baking temperature and time

Afework¹,

Abegaz²,

Mezgebe³

2016

Afr. J. Food Sci.

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Orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) is a promising root crop due to its high β-carotene content which could help to reduce vitamin A deficiency (VAD). However, it is a less utilized perishable crop. In order to use OFSP tubers, incorporation with other flours in processing and baked products can be considered. The aim of this study was to develop pro-vitamin A and energy rich biscuits through incorporation of OFSP and altering baking time and temperature. In this experiment, OFSP flour was blended with wheat flour in the ratio of 30%. Dough was formed and baked at 200°C for 12 and 15 min and at 220°C for 9 and 12 min. The biscuits were then subjected to nutritional and acceptability tests. The moisture content ranged between 4.02 and 11.19%, crude protein (9.88-11.06%), crude fiber (0.17-2.68%), crude fat (1.32-2.34%), ash (0.81-2.91%), carbohydrate (73.72-79.19%), β-carotene (0.54-6.01 µg/g) and energy (360.7-379.0 kcal/100 g). The entire sensory test score of the biscuits was in acceptable range. The finding of this study shows that blending of OFSP, baking time and temperature altered the pro-vitamin A and energy content of the developed biscuits. Hence, OFSP blending, baking time and temperature could be manipulated to prepare nutritionally rich and organoleptically acceptable biscuits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of pro-vitamin A and energy rich biscuits: Blending of orange-fleshed sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L.) with wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour and altering baking temperature and time

Afework¹,

Abegaz²,

Mezgebe³

2016

Afr. J. Food Sci.

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“…This deficiency was higher than 28% in Northwest Ethiopia,[ 20 ] 31% in Nepal,[ 15 ] 2% in China, and 11.6% in Europe. [ 16 ] Maternal Vitamin A deficiency was also correlated to a reduced intra-uterine growth rate and low birth weight, and higher infant mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamins A and E deficiencies among pregnant women attending antenatal care at general hospital Dawakin Kudu, North-West Nigeria

Ugwa

2015

Int J Prev Med

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Background:Vitamins A and E deficiency is prevalent in developing countries, and plasma levels are low in pregnancy. This study was undertaken to determine the serum Vitamins A and E status among pregnant women attending antenatal care at a General Hospital in Dawakin Kudu, Kano and to provide the necessary information needed to suggest the supplementation of Vitamins A and E during pregnancy.Methods:The study was done in General Hospital Dawakin Kudu Local Government Area. Dawakin Kudu, a rural community in Kano State is about 12 km from Kano metropolis which is the most populous city in Nigeria and commercial nerve center of Northern Nigeria. Most of the women are housewives, however, some engage in subsistent farming and petty trading. This was a prospective study of 200 pregnant women at various maternal ages, gestational ages, and parities. Informed consent was obtained from the participants. Research structured questionnaire was administered to 200 respondents which showed age and parity distributions. Determination of Serum Vitamins A and E was done using methods of Bessey, et al. and Tsen. Ethical approval for the research was obtained from General Hospital, Dawakin Kudu, Kano. Statistical Analysis Used: Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 17 statistical software (SPSS Inc., IL, Chicago, USA). Descriptive statistics was done. Mean serum Vitamins A and E concentration between trimesters were compared using two-way ANOVA and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:Majority of the women were aged 20–39 years with mean of 23.67 ± 6.11. Most were in the 1–4 parity range. Mean birth weight was 2.42 ± 0.74 kg. Above 65% were deficient while 34.5% had normal levels of Vitamin A and 51% were deficient of serum Vitamin E. Serum Vitamins A and E levels showed a marked reduction from first through third trimester. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusions:There is a significant reduction in the serum Vitamins A and E concentration throughout the period of pregnancy with the highest levels in the first trimester. Therefore, further studies should evaluate the value of Vitamins A and E supplementation during pregnancy especially for those whose fruit and vegetable consumption is inadequate.

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“…3 Indeed, studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa in the 1990s provided evidence that VAD is more prevalent among HIV and tuberculosis (TB) patients and HIV + mothers. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Furthermore, serum retinol is shown to be affected by several other factors, including retinol-binding protein (RBP) synthesis in the liver; nutritional status; the levels of other nutrients, such as zinc and iron; and body mass index (BMI). [34][35][36] Studies have also shown that an increase in parity and prolonged lactation increased the risk of VAD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of sociodemography, diet, and body size on serum retinol in women 16–35 years of age: SANHANES‐1

Parker

Mchiza

Sewpaul

et al. 2017

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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To determine the current vitamin A status of a nationally representative sample of women aged 16-35 years, compare it with previous national data, and determine the impact of sociodemography, diet, and body size on vitamin A status, we performed secondary analysis of data on South African women who participated in the first South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1). Vitamin A status was assessed by serum retinol, and the findings are reported as means and prevalences with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Overall, the age-standardized vitamin A deficiency prevalence was 11.7%, a decrease from previous national data, but serum retinol levels remained lower than in other developing countries. Overall, unweighted, multilevel, multivariate logistic regression showed that vitamin A deficiency was influenced by race only (odds ratio (OR) = 1.89, P = 0.031), while weighted multiple logistic regression for 16-to 18-year-olds showed that vitamin A deficiency was influenced by locality (OR = 9.83, P = 0.005) and household income (intermediate (OR = 0.2, P = 0.022) and upper (OR = 0.25, P = 0.049)). Despite the decreased prevalence, vitamin A deficiency remains a moderate public health problem in the country. Opportunities for targeted interventions have been identified.

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Vitamin A deficiency during pregnancy of HIV infected and non-infected women in tropical settings of Northwest Ethiopia

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

Development of pro-vitamin A and energy rich biscuits: Blending of orange-fleshed sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L.) with wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour and altering baking temperature and time

Development of pro-vitamin A and energy rich biscuits: Blending of orange-fleshed sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L.) with wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour and altering baking temperature and time

Vitamins A and E deficiencies among pregnant women attending antenatal care at general hospital Dawakin Kudu, North-West Nigeria

The impact of sociodemography, diet, and body size on serum retinol in women 16–35 years of age: SANHANES‐1

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