Vitamin A and cognitive processes

Pallet, Véronique; Touyarot, Katia

doi:10.3233/nua-150048

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…Other studies show that CY26A1 (rs4411227) was associated with vitamin A and carotenoid metabolism. Vitamin A and its' carotenoids precursors are unsaturated fat-soluble nutrients important for vision, reproduction, immunity, cognition, and metabolism in protection against diabetes and cardiovascular diseases even among individuals with MetS who smoke, a known oxidative stressor [73,74]. We found FAD1 and FAD2 genes were linked to rs174548, a SNP in the GRS in both Whites and African Americans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Ancestry Specific Associations of a Genetic Risk Score, Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome: A Longitudinal ARIC Study

Hardy

Racette

Garvin

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Associations have been observed among genetic variants, dietary patterns, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). A gap in knowledge is whether a genetic risk score (GRS) and dietary patterns interact to increase MetS risk among African Americans. We investigated whether MetS risk was influenced by interaction between a GRS and dietary patterns among Whites and African Americans. A secondary aim examined if molecular genetic clusterings differed by racial ancestry.Methods: We used longitudinal data over 4-visits (1987-1998) that included 10,681 participants aged 45-64y at baseline from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study (8,451 Whites and 2,230 African Americans). We constructed a simple-count GRS as the linear weighted sum of high-risk alleles (0, 1, 2) from cardiovascular disease polymorphisms from the genome-wide association studies catalog associated with MetS risk. Three dietary patterns were determined by factor analysis of food frequency questionnaire data: Western, healthy, and high-fat dairy. MetS was defined according to the 2016 National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria but used 2017 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology criteria for elevated blood pressure. Analyses included generalized linear model risk ratios (RR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and Bonferroni correction for multiple testing.Results: The Western dietary pattern was associated with higher risk for MetS across increasing GRS tertiles among Whites (p<.017). The high-fat dairy pattern was protective against MetS, but its impact was most effective in the lowest GRS tertile in Whites (RR=0.62; CI:0.52-0.74) and African Americans (RR=0.67; CI:0.49-0.91). Among each racial group within GRS tertiles, the Western dietary pattern was associated with development and cycling of MetS status between visits, and the high-fat dairy pattern with being free from MetS (p<.017). The healthy dietary pattern was associated with higher risk of MetS among African Americans which may be explained by higher sucrose intake (p<.0001). Fewer genes, but more metabolic pathways for obesity, body fat distribution, and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were identified in African Americans than Whites. Some polymorphisms were linked to the Western and high-fat dairy patterns.Conclusion: A dietary pattern characterized by high-fat dairy foods may be protective against MetS among individuals with a genetic predisposition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Ancestry Specific Associations of a Genetic Risk Score, Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome: A Longitudinal ARIC Study

Hardy

Racette

Garvin

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other studies show that CY26A1 (rs4411227) was associated with vitamin A and carotenoid metabolism. Vitamin A and its’ carotenoids precursors are unsaturated fat-soluble nutrients important for vision, reproduction, immunity, cognition, and metabolism in protection against diabetes and cardiovascular diseases even among individuals with MetS who smoke, a known oxidative stressor [ 73 , 74 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancestry specific associations of a genetic risk score, dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome: a longitudinal ARIC study

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Associations have been observed among genetic variants, dietary patterns, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). A gap in knowledge is whether a genetic risk score (GRS) and dietary patterns interact to increase MetS risk among African Americans. We investigated whether MetS risk was influenced by interaction between a GRS and dietary patterns among Whites and African Americans. A secondary aim examined if molecular genetic clusterings differed by racial ancestry. Methods We used longitudinal data over 4-visits (1987–1998) that included 10,681 participants aged 45–64y at baseline from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study (8451 Whites and 2230 African Americans). We constructed a simple-count GRS as the linear weighted sum of high-risk alleles (0, 1, 2) from cardiovascular disease polymorphisms from the genome-wide association studies catalog associated with MetS risk. Three dietary patterns were determined by factor analysis of food frequency questionnaire data: Western, healthy, and high-fat dairy. MetS was defined according to the 2016 National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria but used 2017 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology criteria for elevated blood pressure. Analyses included generalized linear model risk ratios (RR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. Results The Western dietary pattern was associated with higher risk for MetS across increasing GRS tertiles among Whites (p < 0.017). The high-fat dairy pattern was protective against MetS, but its impact was most effective in the lowest GRS tertile in Whites (RR = 0.62; CI: 0.52–0.74) and African Americans (RR = 0.67; CI: 0.49–0.91). Among each racial group within GRS tertiles, the Western dietary pattern was associated with development and cycling of MetS status between visits, and the high-fat dairy pattern with being free from MetS (p < 0.017). The healthy dietary pattern was associated with higher risk of MetS among African Americans which may be explained by higher sucrose intake (p < 0.0001). Fewer genes, but more metabolic pathways for obesity, body fat distribution, and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were identified in African Americans than Whites. Some polymorphisms were linked to the Western and high-fat dairy patterns. Conclusion The influence of dietary patterns on MetS risk appears to differ by genetic predisposition and racial ancestry.

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“…In light of the recent attention given to the effects of micronutrients on human cognition, it is surprising that vitamin A received relatively little attention compared to other vitamins [ 160 , 161 ]. Vitamin A and its derivatives, which are essential for human health, modulate several physiological processes through their interactions with the nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) [ 162 ]. High levels of vitamins A and E appear to be important in guaranteeing extreme longevity [ 150 ].…”

Section: Role Of Functional Food Compounds In Cognitive Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Food Components on Cognitive Functions in Older Adults

Ozawa

Miyazawa

2021

Nutrients

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Population aging has recently been an important issue as the number of elderly people is growing worldwide every year, and the extension of social security costs is financially costly. The increase in the number of elderly people with cognitive decline is a serious problem related to the aging of populations. Therefore, it is necessary to consider not only physical care but also cognitive patterns in the future care of older adults. Since food contains a variety of bioactive substances, dietary patterns may help improve age-related cognitive decline. However, the relationship between cognitive function and individual food components remains ambiguous as no clear efficacy or mechanism has been confirmed. Against this background, this review summarizes previous reports on the biological process of cognitive decline in the elderly and the relationship between individual compounds in foods and cognitive function, as well as the role of individual components of food in cognitive function, in the following order: lipids, carotenoids, vitamins, phenolic compounds, amino acids, peptides, and proteins. Based on the research presented in this review, a proper diet that preserves cognitive function has the potential to improve age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Hopefully, this review will help to trigger the development of new foods and technologies that improve aging and cognitive functions and extend the healthy life span.

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Vitamin A and cognitive processes

Cited by 12 publications

References 87 publications

Ancestry Specific Associations of a Genetic Risk Score, Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome: A Longitudinal ARIC Study

Ancestry Specific Associations of a Genetic Risk Score, Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome: A Longitudinal ARIC Study

Ancestry specific associations of a genetic risk score, dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome: a longitudinal ARIC study

Effects of Dietary Food Components on Cognitive Functions in Older Adults

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