Vital Statistics of Laboratory Cultures of Daphnia pulex DeGeer as Related to Density

Measuring the Cost of Reproduction. Ii. The Correlation Structure of the Life Tables of Five Freshwater Invertebrates

“…7: D. magna (MacArthur and Baillie, 1929;Anderson, 1932;Anderson and Jenkins, 1942;Green, 1954Green, , 1956Zaffagnini, 1964). 8: D. pulex (Frank et al, 1957;Hrbackova-Esslova, 1962;Taub and Dollar, 1968;Arnold, 1971).9: D. obtusa (Green, 1956;Hrbackova-Esslova, 1962;Elboum, 1966;Kryutchkova and Siadacek, 1969). 10: D. galatea (Hall, 1964).…”

Effect of crowding on nauplii production during mating time inTisbe clodiensis andT. holothuriae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida)

“…Larval crowding has been found to play a role in modifying many vital functions in several experimental organisms: in particular it consistently depresses the number of offspring per female (Frank et al, 1957;Barker & Podger, 1970). A similar result was found by Hoppenheit (1976) in populations of Tisbe holothuriae.…”

Perturbation analysis of nonlinear matrix population models

“…Such effects are well documented in plants (e.g., Solbrig et al 1988, Gillman et al 1993, Silva Matos et al 1999) and animals (e.g., Pennycuick 1969, Longstaff 1977, Clutton-Brock et al 1997, Tanner 1999, Cushing et al 2003. Density-dependence has been intensively studied in the laboratory (e.g., Pearl et al 1927, Frank et al 1957, Costantino and Desharnais 1991, Carey et al 1995, Mueller and Joshi 2000, Cushing et al 2003. It can arise from competition for food, space, or other resources, or from interactions (e.g., cannibalism) among individuals.…”